{"id":11742,"date":"2024-12-30T14:00:55","date_gmt":"2024-12-30T11:00:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/?p=11742"},"modified":"2025-01-04T19:46:17","modified_gmt":"2025-01-04T16:46:17","slug":"eficienta-energetica-calea-catre-viitor-sau-o-capcana-bugetara","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/ro\/analytics\/eficienta-energetica-calea-catre-viitor-sau-o-capcana-bugetara\/","title":{"rendered":"Eficien\u021ba energetic\u0103 \u2013 calea c\u0103tre viitor sau o capcan\u0103 bugetar\u0103?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Granturi \u0219i angajamente: cine pl\u0103te\u0219te pentru asta?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Guvernul Republicii Moldova a primit 4,5 milioane de dolari subven\u021bii UE pentru \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea eficien\u021bei energetice a cl\u0103dirilor.<\/p>\n

\u201eProiectul de tranzi\u021bie durabil\u0103 la eficien\u021ba energetic\u0103 \u00een Moldova (STEEM) face parte din Programul de cre\u0219tere, rezilien\u021b\u0103 \u0219i oportunit\u0103\u021bi pentru bog\u0103\u021bie (M-GROW) \u00een Moldova\u201d, se arat\u0103 \u00een comunicatul guvernului.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Cu toate acestea, certificarea obligatorie a cl\u0103dirilor \u0219i auditurile energetice devin o povar\u0103 semnificativ\u0103 pentru proprietarii de propriet\u0103\u021bi.<\/p>\n

Plata pentru auditul energetic este \u00een \u00eentregime responsabilitatea proprietarilor. Dup\u0103 cum se men\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u00een prevedere, \u201epre\u021bul pl\u0103tit de proprietarul imobilului se stabile\u0219te \u00een mod arbitrar, prin acordul p\u0103r\u021bilor, \u00een func\u021bie de complexitatea serviciului prestat\u201d, ceea ce este prea vag \u0219i \u00eei amenin\u021b\u0103 pe proprietarii cl\u0103dirii cu sume inaccesibile.<\/p>\n

\u00cen plus, directorul Novaservice, Serghei Ungureanu, a remarcat c\u0103 multe firme de audit \u00eenc\u0103 nu au toate formele de rapoarte de audit energetic. \u00cen plus, din cauza cererii crescute pentru astfel de servicii, \u201ese elibereaz\u0103 licen\u021be speciali\u0219tilor cu studii adecvate, dar f\u0103r\u0103 experien\u021b\u0103 practic\u0103\u201d, ceea ce ridic\u0103 \u00eendoieli cu privire la calitatea muncii pe care o desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Eficien\u021ba energetic\u0103 vs. Realitate<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ceea ce urmeaz\u0103 este mai interesant, \u00eentruc\u00e2t costul unui astfel de audit, potrivit exper\u021bilor, este de cel pu\u021bin 35-40 de mii de lei pentru un obiect mic. Mai mult, un astfel de audit va trebui efectuat \u00eenainte de fiecare repara\u021bie sau reconstruc\u021bie major\u0103. \u201eA stunning feeder\u201d \u2013 a\u0219a a evaluat inova\u021bia unul dintre dezvoltatorii de la Chi\u0219in\u0103u. Un alt constructor implicat \u00een instala\u021bii electrice a ad\u0103ugat c\u0103 \u201ear evalua pozitiv ac\u021biunile autorit\u0103\u021bilor dac\u0103 ar exista m\u0103car o oarecare \u00eencredere c\u0103 calitatea proiectelor de construc\u021bii se va \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi ca urmare a inova\u021biilor\u201d. \u201eLa urma urmei, tot ceea ce ni se impune ast\u0103zi a fost prev\u0103zut de diverse strategii \u0219i legi \u00eenc\u0103 din 2013, dar am devenit mai eficien\u021bi energetic?\u201d \u2013 remarc\u0103 el \u00een mod rezonabil.<\/p>\n

Dezvoltatorii presupun c\u0103 certificarea \u0219i auditul sunt doar primul clopot, iar apoi vor fi introduse tarife diferen\u021biate la energie, care \u00een cele din urm\u0103 vor afecta costul locuin\u021belor \u0219i taxelor.<\/p>\n

Conform regulilor necesare ader\u0103rii la Uniunea European\u0103, Moldova s-a angajat s\u0103 reduc\u0103 emisiile de gaze cu efect de ser\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 creasc\u0103 ponderea surselor regenerabile de energie. Potrivit documentelor oficiale, \u021bara noastr\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021beasc\u0103 anual eficien\u021ba energetic\u0103 cu 0,8% din suprafa\u021ba cl\u0103dirilor din \u021bar\u0103. \u00cen acest scop, a fost creat chiar Fondul de Eficien\u021b\u0103 Energetic\u0103 \u00een Sectorul Locuin\u021belor din Moldova, care elibereaz\u0103 granturi corespunz\u0103toare.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Lemn de foc si gaze scumpe<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cen acela\u0219i timp, \u021bara noastr\u0103 nu are cele mai bune condi\u021bii \u00een materie de energie, a\u0219a cum consider\u0103 ministrul Energiei, Viktor Parlikov. \u201eMoldova este una dintre cele mai vulnerabile \u021b\u0103ri de pe continent la schimb\u0103rile climatice, este cea mai pu\u021bin \u00eemp\u0103durit\u0103, peste 70% din toat\u0103 energia este importat\u0103, \u00een timp ce este printre cele mai s\u0103race \u021b\u0103ri de pe continent \u0219i este aproape de r\u0103zboi\u201d, a spus el. a explicat, ad\u0103ug\u00e2nd c\u0103 \u00eentre\u021binerea Un metru p\u0103trat de spa\u021biu de locuit consum\u0103 de dou\u0103 ori mai mult\u0103 energie dec\u00e2t media UE, iar jum\u0103tate din energie este consumat\u0103 de cl\u0103diri.<\/p>\n

\u201e\u00cen Republica Moldova, intensitatea energetic\u0103 este de 3,4 ori mai mare dec\u00e2t media \u021b\u0103rilor Uniunii Europene, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 costuri mai mari ale energiei pe unitatea de PIB, precum \u0219i pentru fiecare familie \u00een parte\u201d, a spus ministrul.<\/p>\n

Realitatea, dup\u0103 cum vedem, este departe de imaginile pastorale cu turbine eoliene \u0219i panouri solare. \u201eDou\u0103 treimi din cl\u0103dirile reziden\u021biale sunt \u00eenc\u0103lzite cu sobe pe lemne\u201d, spune un raport al Centrului Na\u021bional pentru Energie Durabil\u0103 (CNED), iar mai pu\u021bin de o cincime (18,3% din cl\u0103diri) sunt conectate la sisteme de termoficare.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Cre\u0219terea consumului de energie (jum\u0103tate din fondul de locuin\u021be), despre care a vorbit ministrul Parlikov, este asociat\u0103 cu uzura caselor. Conform datelor oficiale, 76% din cl\u0103diri au fost construite \u00een perioada sovietic\u0103, re\u021belele lor energetice nu \u00eendeplinesc standardele \u0219i sarcinile moderne.<\/p>\n

Moldovagaz: o surs\u0103 de alarm\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n

Situa\u021bia cu Moldovagaz nu adaug\u0103 optimism \u00een promovarea energiei \u201everzi\u201d. Compania monopolist a solicitat o majorare a tarifelor la gaze cu 33,1%. Pe 29 noiembrie, la o \u0219edin\u021b\u0103 a consiliului de administra\u021bie al Agen\u021biei Na\u021bionale pentru Reglementare \u00een Energetic\u0103 (ANARE), a fost aprobat\u0103 o cre\u0219tere pu\u021bin \u201emai bl\u00e2nd\u0103\u201d – cu 27,5%.<\/p>\n

Potrivit ANRE \u00eens\u0103\u0219i, acest lucru se datoreaz\u0103 unei cre\u0219teri de 25% a pre\u021burilor pe pie\u021bele mondiale \u00een noiembrie. Agen\u021bia a subliniat c\u0103 \u201e\u00eent\u00e2rzierea ajust\u0103rii pre\u021burilor va duce inevitabil la acumularea de pierderi financiare mari pentru furnizorul de servicii, ceea ce poate afecta capacitatea acestuia de a-\u0219i \u00eendeplini obliga\u021biile contractuale\u201d.<\/p>\n

Economistul Veaceslav Ioni\u021b\u0103 a calculat c\u0103 \u201econform noilor tarife, fiecare dintre noi va pl\u0103ti cu cel pu\u021bin 4 lei \u00een plus, f\u0103r\u0103 TVA. Cu un consum de 500 de milioane de metri cubi \u00een aceast\u0103 iarn\u0103, asta \u00eenseamn\u0103 cu cel pu\u021bin 2 miliarde de lei \u00een plus.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Cet\u0103\u021benii sunt nemul\u021bumi\u021bi de decizia guvernului de a cre\u0219te \u00een grab\u0103 pre\u021burile la gaze. Astfel, unul dintre interlocutorii Canal5.md a declarat: \u201eNu cred c\u0103 oamenii primesc pensii mici, c\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103lzirea este scump\u0103, m\u00e2ncarea este scump\u0103. Guvernul se g\u00e2nde\u0219te la ceva, dar nu \u0219tiu la ce se g\u00e2ndesc.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ce ofer\u0103 guvernul?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Premierul Dorin Recan a citat practic un cunoscut politician rus, spun\u00e2nd la una dintre \u00eent\u00e2lniri: \u201eDragi cet\u0103\u021beni, trebuie s\u0103 fiu sincer cu dumneavoastr\u0103. Ne confrunt\u0103m cu o iarn\u0103 foarte grea.\u201d<\/p>\n

Cu aceste cuvinte, el a \u00eenceput un discurs despre posibila \u00eentrerupere a furniz\u0103rii gazelor de la Gazprom c\u0103tre Transnistria. \u00cen acest caz, 350 de mii de cet\u0103\u021beni ai \u021b\u0103rii risc\u0103 s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u0219i electricitate. \u201eAcest lucru s-ar putea transforma \u00eentr-un dezastru umanitar\u201d, a men\u021bionat oficialul, ad\u0103ug\u00e2nd c\u0103 \u201eguvernul va fi de partea cet\u0103\u021benilor\u201d. Totu\u0219i, printre m\u0103surile de sprijin specifice, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 compensa\u021bii, a c\u0103ror furnizare a fost limitat\u0103 \u00een acest an, statul ofer\u0103 doar bonuri pentru aparate electrocasnice mai eficiente din punct de vedere energetic.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u201eCet\u0103\u0163enii sunt \u00eendemna\u0163i s\u0103 se \u00eenregistreze \u015fi s\u0103 primeasc\u0103 vouchere pentru aparatele de uz casnic\u201d, se arat\u0103 \u00eentr-un titlu din media. Cu toate acestea, aceast\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103 arat\u0103 mai degrab\u0103 ca o pic\u0103tur\u0103 \u00een ocean, incapabil s\u0103 schimbe radical situa\u021bia. Pentru majoritatea familiilor, \u00eenlocuirea echipamentelor vechi cu altele noi r\u0103m\u00e2ne o povar\u0103 financiar\u0103 insuportabil\u0103, chiar \u0219i \u021bin\u00e2nd cont de sprijinul guvernamental. \u0218i acest lucru nu va rezolva problema comunica\u021biilor uzate din case.<\/p>\n

Context politic: acuza\u021bii \u0219i justific\u0103ri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Criza energetic\u0103 devine o cauz\u0103 a unei lupte politice intense. Igor Dodon, liderul PSRM, face apel la demisia pre\u0219edintelui Maia Sandu \u0219i a guvernului s\u0103u, acuz\u00e2ndu-i de minciun\u0103 \u0219i incompeten\u021b\u0103. \u201eSandu \u0219i guvernul ei trebuie s\u0103 demisioneze pentru c\u0103 i-au min\u021bit \u00een mod flagrant pe cet\u0103\u021beni\u201d, spune Dodon.<\/p>\n

Vlad Filat, liderul PLDM \u0219i ex-premier, critic\u0103 \u0219i el ac\u021biunile autorit\u0103\u021bilor, numindu-le \u201earhitec\u021bi ai haosului\u201d. \u201eRepublica Moldova a devenit din nou victima unei grave crize energetice, agravat\u0103 de conducerea dezastruoas\u0103 a guvernului. Abaterile tarifare acumulate de SA Moldovagaz \u00een valoare de circa un miliard de lei reprezint\u0103 o povar\u0103 aruncat\u0103 cu cinism asupra cet\u0103\u021benilor Republicii Moldova\u201d, a spus el.<\/p>\n

Ce ne a\u0219teapt\u0103 pe fundalul unei discrepan\u021be at\u00e2t de profunde \u00eentre cifre \u0219i realitate \u00een aceast\u0103 iarn\u0103? Se apropie o nou\u0103 criz\u0103 energetic\u0103? Nici m\u0103car autorit\u0103\u021bile oficiale nu sunt sigure de r\u0103spuns, iar cet\u0103\u021benii de r\u00e2nd nu se pot aproviziona dec\u00e2t cu lemn de foc, care, potrivit agen\u021biei Moldsilva, a crescut cu 5-10% fa\u021b\u0103 de 2023.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Granturi \u0219i angajamente: cine pl\u0103te\u0219te pentru asta? Guvernul Republicii Moldova a primit 4,5 milioane de dolari subven\u021bii UE pentru \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea eficien\u021bei energetice a cl\u0103dirilor. \u201eProiectul de tranzi\u021bie durabil\u0103 la eficien\u021ba energetic\u0103 \u00een Moldova (STEEM) face parte din Programul de cre\u0219tere, rezilien\u021b\u0103 \u0219i oportunit\u0103\u021bi pentru bog\u0103\u021bie (M-GROW) \u00een Moldova\u201d, se arat\u0103 \u00een comunicatul guvernului. Cu toate […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11749,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[94,96],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-11742","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-analytics","8":"category-analytics-politica"},"yoast_head":"\nEficien\u021ba energetic\u0103 \u2013 calea c\u0103tre viitor sau o capcan\u0103 bugetar\u0103? - MLD-Index<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Moldova, \u00een urm\u0103rirea standardelor europene, a introdus m\u0103suri ambi\u021bioase de eficien\u021b\u0103 energetic\u0103. 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