{"id":11974,"date":"2025-01-20T14:00:44","date_gmt":"2025-01-20T11:00:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/?p=11974"},"modified":"2025-01-20T19:18:08","modified_gmt":"2025-01-20T16:18:08","slug":"piete-unde-moldovenii-isi-aduc-marfa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/ro\/analytics\/piete-unde-moldovenii-isi-aduc-marfa\/","title":{"rendered":"Pie\u021be unde moldovenii \u00ee\u0219i aduc marfa"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cifre versus fapte.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cen orice manual de geografie economic\u0103 se poate citi c\u0103 Moldova este o \u021bar\u0103 preponderent agricol\u0103. Prin urmare, starea economic\u0103 a \u021b\u0103rii \u0219i a cet\u0103\u021benilor s\u0103i depinde, desigur, de succesul produselor agricole moldovene\u0219ti pe pie\u021bele externe.<\/p>\n

A\u0219adar, nu este de mirare c\u0103 \u00een prima jum\u0103tate a anului 2024, ponderea exporturilor aferente m\u0103rfurilor agricole (legume, fructe, cereale, semin\u021be oleaginoase, b\u0103uturi alcoolice, sucuri, gr\u0103simi \u0219i uleiuri) sa ridicat la peste 40%.<\/p>\n

Potrivit Biroului Na\u021bional de Statistic\u0103 (BNS), \u00een prima jum\u0103tate a anului, exporturile de m\u0103rfuri din Moldova au sc\u0103zut cu 12,4% fa\u021b\u0103 de aceea\u0219i perioad\u0103 a anului trecut, ceea ce devine deja o tendin\u021b\u0103. \u00centruc\u00e2t, conform rezultatelor anului 2023, fluxul de produse moldovene\u0219ti \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate a sc\u0103zut cu 6,5% fa\u021b\u0103 de 2022. Acest lucru este, de asemenea, cunoscut de toat\u0103 lumea \u0219i nu provoac\u0103 controverse.<\/p>\n

Singurele probleme controversate sunt legate de direc\u021bia exporturilor moldovene\u0219ti. Statisticile oficiale arat\u0103 c\u0103 majoritatea absolut\u0103 a produselor din Moldova au intrat anul acesta pe pie\u021bele Uniunii Europene (67,5%). Cu toate acestea, volumul total de livr\u0103ri de export c\u0103tre Europa a sc\u0103zut cu aproape 9% fa\u021b\u0103 de prima jum\u0103tate a anului 2023.<\/p>\n

Cota exporturilor moldovene\u0219ti c\u0103tre \u021b\u0103rile CSI, conform BNS, se ridic\u0103 \u00een prezent la doar 7,6%. Iar veniturile din m\u0103rfurile v\u00e2ndute \u00een Est au sc\u0103zut cu 15,4% pe parcursul anului.<\/p>\n

Dar chiar \u0219i statisticienii guvernamentali sunt nevoi\u021bi s\u0103 admit\u0103 c\u0103 cererea pentru unele tipuri de produse moldovene\u0219ti este mult mai mare \u00een afara UE. Este cazul, de exemplu, cu exportul principalului brand al Moldovei \u2013 vinul.<\/p>\n

Este suficient s\u0103 spunem c\u0103 \u00een 2023, peste o treime din toate vinurile moldovene\u0219ti au fost livrate Belarusului (3,5 milioane din 10 milioane decalitri). \u0218i dac\u0103 mai ad\u0103ug\u0103m la aceasta \u00eenc\u0103 2 milioane de decalitri din acest tip de alcool livrat \u00een Georgia extraeuropean\u0103 (\u0219i acele sticle care au ajuns pe rafturile altor republici post-sovietice), atunci ce r\u0103m\u00e2ne pentru Europa \u2013 \u201eprincipalul comer\u021b\u201d al Moldovei. partener”?<\/p>\n

\u201eDe\u0219i \u00eencerc\u0103m s\u0103 dezvolt\u0103m aprovizionarea pie\u021belor din Uniunea European\u0103 \u0219i din \u021b\u0103rile asiatice, direc\u021biile noastre principale sunt: \u200b\u200b80% \u2013 CSI \u0219i 20% \u2013 toate celelalte \u021b\u0103ri\u201d, spune \u0219eful companiei de vinifica\u021bie din G\u0103g\u0103uzia \u201eTomai- Vinex\u201d Konstantin Sibov.<\/p>\n

\u0218i iat\u0103 ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 acum cu exportul unui alt produs renumit moldovenesc \u2013 merele. Ministrul Economiei al Republicii Moldova, Dumitru Alaiba, a raportat recent cu m\u00e2ndrie c\u0103 \u00een primele 10 luni ale acestui an, Moldova a furnizat europenilor mere \u00een valoare total\u0103 de 228 de milioane de lei (circa 13 milioane de dolari). Totodat\u0103, oficialul nu a uitat s\u0103 laude autorit\u0103\u021bile moldovene\u0219ti pentru realizarea unor astfel de indicatori. \u201eNe sprijinim fermierii oferind acces la noi pie\u021be\u201d, a spus \u0219eful Ministerului Economiei.<\/p>\n

Totodat\u0103, analistul economic Vladimir Golovatyuk a atras aten\u021bia c\u0103 nu \u00een zece, ci doar \u00een 6 luni ale anului 2024, fermierii moldoveni au exportat \u00een CSI mere \u00een valoare de 40 de milioane de dolari. Economistul a mai subliniat c\u0103 exportul de mere din Moldova c\u0103tre UE \u00een prima jum\u0103tate a acestui an a constituit 19% din volumul total. CSI a reprezentat 73%, din care 69% a fost Federa\u021bia Rus\u0103. O compara\u021bie ilustrativ\u0103: dac\u0103 s-au v\u00e2ndut 16 mii de tone de mere din Moldova c\u0103tre Rom\u00e2nia, atunci s-au v\u00e2ndut 53 de mii de tone c\u0103tre Federa\u021bia Rus\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u201eNu m\u0103 bucur \u0219i nu pot avea! Nu pot dec\u00e2t s\u0103 salut extinderea geografiei v\u00e2nz\u0103rilor produselor fermierilor no\u0219tri. Dar dac\u0103 aceast\u0103 expansiune este real\u0103 \u0219i nu o fals\u0103 verbal\u0103 a unor oficiali. Pentru a extinde cu adev\u0103rat pie\u021bele pentru produsele moldovene\u0219ti, trebuie s\u0103 lucr\u0103m serios, \u00eenl\u0103tur\u00e2nd toate dogmele \u0219i fobiile. \u201eNoile pie\u021be nu ar trebui s\u0103 le \u00eenlocuiasc\u0103 pe cele vechi, ci mai degrab\u0103 s\u0103 le completeze\u201d, a subliniat V. Golovatyuk.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

De ce are nevoie Moldova de pia\u021ba CSI \u0219i de ce are nevoie Moldova de aceast\u0103 pia\u021b\u0103?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Oric\u00e2t de mult ar dori cuiva, din punct de vedere istoric, economia Moldovei este str\u00e2ns legat\u0103 at\u00e2t de Federa\u021bia Rus\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i de alte republici ale fostei URSS. Prin urmare, bun\u0103starea economic\u0103 a Moldovei \u0219i a cet\u0103\u021benilor s\u0103i depinde \u00een mare m\u0103sur\u0103 de rolul \u021b\u0103rii pe pia\u021ba Comunit\u0103\u021bii Statelor Independente.<\/p>\n

\u201eDe ce? Pentru c\u0103 noi am mo\u0219tenit aceste pie\u021be de la p\u0103rin\u021bii \u0219i bunicii no\u0219tri. Produsele noastre moldovene\u0219ti sunt cunoscute acolo, spune vinificatorul Konstantin Sibov, avem \u00een principal gr\u0103dini \u0219i podgorii. Aceasta este munca pentru oameni. Au r\u0103mas vii din perioada sovietic\u0103 \u0219i pr\u0103bu\u0219irea Uniunii. Oamenii lucreaz\u0103 pentru ei, iar cump\u0103r\u00e2nd struguri de la ei, le oferim posibilitatea de a tr\u0103i o via\u021b\u0103 normal\u0103.\u201d<\/p>\n

Dob\u00e2ndit\u0103 independen\u021ba \u0219i trec\u00e2nd prin conflictele g\u0103g\u0103uze \u0219i transnistrene, rela\u021biile, inclusiv economice, dintre Republica Moldova \u0219i \u021bara lider CSI \u2013 Rusia \u2013 au \u00eenceput s\u0103 se r\u0103ceasc\u0103 treptat.<\/p>\n

\u201eDin p\u0103cate, \u00een anii independen\u021bei, \u00een Moldova s-au luat multe decizii necorespunz\u0103toare, \u00een urma c\u0103rora s-a pierdut poten\u021bialul economic anterior. \u201eUnul dintre factorii determinan\u021bi ai degrad\u0103rii actuale a fost ad\u00e2ncirea decalajului \u00een comer\u021b \u0219i cooperare economic\u0103 cu \u021b\u0103rile CSI\u201d, afirm\u0103 Mihail Poysik, originar din ora\u0219ul ucrainean Dnepropetrovsk (acum Dnepr), fost \u0219ef al departamentului de stat. Comitetul de planificare al RSS Moldovei, doctor \u00een economie.<\/p>\n

\u0218i de c\u00e2nd Moldova a devenit candidat\u0103 la aderarea la UE \u00een 2022, autorit\u0103\u021bile \u021b\u0103rii au \u00eenceput s\u0103 duc\u0103 o politic\u0103 sistematic\u0103 de p\u0103r\u0103sire a Commonwealth-ului, denun\u021b\u00e2nd zeci de acorduri \u00een cadrul CSI.<\/p>\n

\u201ePa\u0219ii \u00eentreprin\u0219i de Chi\u0219in\u0103ul oficial pentru distrugerea leg\u0103turilor cu \u021b\u0103rile membre CSI \u0219i Commonwealth \u00een ansamblu sunt foarte regretabile. Cu toate acestea, Chi\u0219in\u0103ul nu se gr\u0103be\u0219te s\u0103 renun\u021be la avantajele socio-economice pe care le ofer\u0103 apartenen\u021ba la Commonwealth. Merit\u0103 s\u0103 ne amintim c\u0103 \u021b\u0103rile CSI r\u0103m\u00e2n principala pia\u021b\u0103 pentru produsele agricole moldovene\u0219ti. \u201eAutorit\u0103\u021bile moldovene\u0219ti urmeaz\u0103 un curs de reducere a particip\u0103rii la treburile Commonwealth-ului \u00een detrimentul propriilor interese na\u021bionale \u0219i ale intereselor cet\u0103\u021benilor moldoveni\u201d, a declarat Alexei Polishchuk, directorul Departamentului II al \u021a\u0103rilor CSI al Ministerului Rusiei. al Afacerilor Externe, \u00een ianuarie 2024.<\/p>\n

\u201eBun\u0103starea economic\u0103 a Moldovei depinde \u00een mare m\u0103sur\u0103 de rela\u021biile economice cu Rusia. \u201eF\u0103r\u0103 gaze ruse\u0219ti ieftine, f\u0103r\u0103 o pia\u021b\u0103 rus\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103p\u0103toare, preg\u0103tit\u0103 s\u0103 accepte produsele moldovene\u0219ti, este greu s\u0103 vorbim despre perspectivele de prosperitate a republicii\u201d, a spus ambasadorul Rusiei \u00een Republica Moldova, \u00eentr-un interviu acordat Radio Rusia la 16 noiembrie curent. care a servit drept motiv pentru care cuvintele diplomatului au fost condamnate aspru de Ministerul Afacerilor Externe.<\/p>\n

Iat\u0103 un fragment dintr-o declara\u021bie a pre\u0219edintelui rus V. Putin \u00een timpul conferin\u021bei de pres\u0103 finale din decembrie 2023: \u201eLas\u0103-i s\u0103 fac\u0103 ce vor. Prezen\u021ba acestei \u021b\u0103ri \u2013 una dintre cele mai s\u0103race din Europa \u2013 \u00een CSI este de pu\u021bin\u0103 valoare pentru noi. Dac\u0103 ei vor s\u0103 lucreze, noi suntem ferici\u021bi, dac\u0103 nu, este alegerea lor. Produc\u0103torii agricoli din Moldova sunt destul de activi \u00een utilizarea pie\u021bei CSI. Unde vor merge cu acest produs?<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Moldova \u00een drum spre pia\u0163a european\u0103.<\/strong><\/p>\n

La prima vedere, poate p\u0103rea c\u0103 Uniunea European\u0103 a\u0219teapt\u0103 cu bra\u021bele deschise apari\u021bia cu drepturi depline a produc\u0103torilor moldoveni \u0219i a m\u0103rfurilor acestora pe Pia\u021ba Unic\u0103 Comun\u0103.<\/p>\n

Iat\u0103, de exemplu, ceea ce a spus premierul polonez Donald Tusk \u00een timpul vizitei sale la Chi\u0219in\u0103u la \u00eenceputul lunii septembrie a acestui an: \u201eMoldova este o \u021bar\u0103 mic\u0103, dar m\u00e2ndr\u0103 \u0219i are tot dreptul s\u0103 spun\u0103 Europei c\u0103 extinderea \u0219i cooperarea str\u00e2ns\u0103 cu \u021b\u0103rile UE \u201eEste \u00een interesul \u00eentregii Europe, nu doar al ei.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u00cen acela\u0219i spirit, sun\u0103 cuvintele recente ale lui William Trigg, Directorul Departamentului de Cre\u0219tere Economic\u0103 al Agen\u021biei Statelor Unite pentru Dezvoltare Interna\u021bional\u0103 (USAID) \u00een Moldova: \u201eSuntem m\u00e2ndri s\u0103 sprijinim integrarea Moldovei \u00een structurile europene \u0219i s\u0103 ajut\u0103m la orientarea economiei. spre pie\u021be cu oportunit\u0103\u021bi mai mari.\u201d Suntem gata s\u0103 oferim afacerilor din Republica Moldova resurse pentru a accesa aceste pie\u021be pentru a asigura o navigare sigur\u0103 \u00een acest proces.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0218i pentru o navigare \u0219i mai m\u00e2ndr\u0103 a economiei moldovene\u0219ti c\u0103tre \u021b\u0103rmurile Uniunii Europene, structurile europene ofer\u0103 conducerii moldovene\u0219ti resurse financiare considerabile. Astfel, din octombrie 2021 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent, UE a investit peste un miliard de euro \u00een economia moldoveneasc\u0103, astfel c\u0103, dup\u0103 cum se arat\u0103 \u00een raportul Comisiei Europene, \u201erela\u021biile comerciale \u0219i economice se extind \u0219i se deschid noi oportunit\u0103\u021bi pentru promovarea bunuri pe pia\u021ba european\u0103.\u201d<\/p>\n

Iar la \u00eenceputul lunii octombrie 2024, Comisia European\u0103 a f\u0103cut un alt \u201epas istoric\u201d spre integrarea Moldovei \u00een Pia\u021ba Unic\u0103 European\u0103 prin aprobarea unui pachet de asisten\u021b\u0103 financiar\u0103 pentru 2025-2027. \u00een valoare de 1,8 miliarde de euro.<\/p>\n

\u201eAcest lucru ar trebui s\u0103 conduc\u0103 la dublarea dimensiunii economiei moldovene\u0219ti \u00eentr-un deceniu \u0219i s\u0103 deschid\u0103 por\u021bile pie\u021bei unice companiilor moldovene\u0219ti\u201d, a comentat \u0219efa Comisiei Europene, Ursula von der Leyen, cu privire la acest eveniment marcant.<\/p>\n

La acest tablou roz mai putem ad\u0103uga \u0219i acordul din iulie 2022 privind liberalizarea comer\u021bului dintre Republica Moldova \u0219i UE, care este prelungit \u00een mod regulat \u00een fiecare an \u0219i permite produc\u0103torilor agricoli moldoveni s\u0103 comercializeze f\u0103r\u0103 taxe vamale \u00een \u0219apte categorii de m\u0103rfuri – ro\u0219ii, usturoi, struguri de mas\u0103, mere, cire\u0219e, prune \u0219i suc de struguri.<\/p>\n

Dar dac\u0103 Moldova se descurc\u0103 mai bine sau mai r\u0103u \u00een v\u00e2nzarea fructelor din aceast\u0103 list\u0103 preferen\u021bial\u0103 c\u0103tre pia\u021ba european\u0103, atunci situa\u021bia cu legumele este, sincer vorbind, un dezastru. Astfel, \u00een 2023, nici ro\u0219iile moldovene\u0219ti, nici usturoiul moldovenesc nu au ajuns deloc pe rafturile magazinelor europene.<\/p>\n

Abia la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului 2024, Moldova a reu\u0219it s\u0103 exporte primele 10 tone de usturoi \u00een Uniunea European\u0103, c\u00e2\u0219tig\u00e2nd din aceasta 764 de mii de lei. \u201eAcesta este un semnal pozitiv \u0219i un \u00eenceput important. Ne bucur\u0103m de fiecare succes al unui nou produs exportat, pentru c\u0103 \u00een spatele lui se afl\u0103 un antreprenor specific care a putut profita de oportunit\u0103\u021bile deschise de cooperarea cu UE\u201d, a comentat ministrul Economiei al Republicii Moldova Dumitru Alaiba. despre evenimentul \u201eistoric\u201d de export de usturoi.<\/p>\n

\u015eeful Ministerului Economiei a fost \u015fi mai \u00eenc\u00e2ntat de succesul uluitor al produc\u0103torilor moldoveni de prune din Europa, care au furnizat 60 de mii de tone de produse \u00een valoare de 35 de milioane de euro pie\u0163ei unice a UE \u00een 2023. \u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te tonajul de prune transportat c\u0103tre Uniunea European\u0103, Moldova i-a dep\u0103\u0219it pe toat\u0103 lumea \u2013 Spania (54 mii tone), Africa de Sud (30 mii), Olanda (25 mii) \u0219i Polonia (6 mii tone). \u201eAceast\u0103 realizare demonstreaz\u0103 c\u0103 produsele moldovene\u0219ti de \u00eenalt\u0103 calitate sunt apreciate \u0219i solicitate pe pia\u021ba interna\u021bional\u0103\u201d, s-a bucurat D. Alaiba.<\/p>\n

Singurul lucru care adaug\u0103 o cantitate suficient\u0103 de musc\u0103 \u00een unguent acestui butoi de miere de prune este faptul c\u0103 pre\u021bul prunelor moldovene\u0219ti \u00een Europa este cel mai mic. Astfel, un kilogram de prune importat din Moldova \u00een Germania cost\u0103 \u00een medie un dolar pe kilogram. Spre compara\u021bie: germanii cump\u0103r\u0103 prune din Turcia cu 3,2 dolari, din Africa de Sud cu 2,4 dolari \u0219i din Olanda cu 2,2 dolari.<\/p>\n

\u201eProduc\u0103torii moldoveni v\u00e2nd prune mai ieftin pentru c\u0103 nu pot oferi standardul cerut pe pia\u021ba german\u0103. \u201e\u00cen plus, soiurile de prune cultivate \u00een Moldova sunt mai pu\u021bin competitive \u00een compara\u021bie cu soiurile din alte \u021b\u0103ri\u201d, spune Iurie Fal\u0103, director executiv al Asocia\u021biei Produc\u0103torilor \u0219i Exportatorilor de Fructe \u201eMoldova Fruct\u201d.<\/p>\n

Iar cump\u0103r\u0103torii germani de prune moldovene\u0219ti sunt \u00eenc\u0103 foarte genero\u0219i. De exemplu, \u00een Austria au pl\u0103tit anul trecut 90 de cen\u021bi pe kilogram pentru prune din Moldova, \u00een Olanda \u0219i Italia \u2013 aproximativ 80 de cen\u021bi, \u00een Croa\u021bia, Letonia \u0219i Polonia \u2013 60 de cen\u021bi, iar vecinii no\u0219tri din Rom\u00e2nia d\u0103deau \u00een general doar 43 de cen\u021bi pe kilogram de prune moldovene\u015fti.<\/p>\n

A\u0219a c\u0103 este extrem de frivol \u0219i miop s\u0103 crezi c\u0103 m\u0103rfurile \u0219i produsele produse \u00een Moldova vor fi \u00eent\u00e2mpinate \u00een Europa cu \u201eaplauze furtunoase, transform\u00e2ndu-se \u00eentr-o ova\u021bie\u201d.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ar fi oportun s\u0103 \u00eencheiem acest articol cu \u200b\u200bcuvintele expertului economic Mikhail Poiskik: \u201ePe pia\u021ba occidental\u0103, inclusiv \u00een UE, spre care se \u00eendreapt\u0103 Moldova, le pas\u0103 \u00een primul r\u00e2nd de produc\u0103torii na\u021bionali \u0219i \u00eei protejeaz\u0103 de importurile \u201eagresive\u201d. Acest lucru se realizeaz\u0103 prin diverse forme de subven\u021bii, de multe ori mai mari ca amploare dec\u00e2t cele din Moldova, \u0219i introducerea a tot felul de bariere tarifare \u0219i tehnice. Ca urmare, gama principal\u0103 a exporturilor moldovene\u0219ti devine din ce \u00een ce mai mult materii prime primitive. Iar perspectivele iluzorii de integrare european\u0103, l\u0103udate de actuala guvernare, \u00een urma c\u0103reia se presupune c\u0103 vor curge \u00een Moldova r\u00e2uri de lapte \u0219i jeleu \u00een urm\u0103torii 20-30 de ani, nu sunt altceva dec\u00e2t ideologia primitiv\u0103 a unui freeloader pentru un neexperimentat. laic.”<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cifre versus fapte. \u00cen orice manual de geografie economic\u0103 se poate citi c\u0103 Moldova este o \u021bar\u0103 preponderent agricol\u0103. Prin urmare, starea economic\u0103 a \u021b\u0103rii \u0219i a cet\u0103\u021benilor s\u0103i depinde, desigur, de succesul produselor agricole moldovene\u0219ti pe pie\u021bele externe. A\u0219adar, nu este de mirare c\u0103 \u00een prima jum\u0103tate a anului 2024, ponderea exporturilor aferente m\u0103rfurilor […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11977,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[94,98],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-11974","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-analytics","8":"category-analytics-economie-si-finante"},"yoast_head":"\nPie\u021be unde moldovenii \u00ee\u0219i aduc marfa - MLD-Index<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00cen anii sovietici, c\u00e2nd o astfel de expresie ca \u201eeconomia de pia\u021b\u0103\u201d era complet necunoscut\u0103 omului obi\u0219nuit, autorit\u0103\u021bile au umplut\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/ro\/analytics\/piete-unde-moldovenii-isi-aduc-marfa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pie\u021be unde moldovenii \u00ee\u0219i aduc marfa - 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