{"id":12230,"date":"2025-02-06T14:00:12","date_gmt":"2025-02-06T11:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/?p=12230"},"modified":"2025-02-06T20:19:44","modified_gmt":"2025-02-06T17:19:44","slug":"cazan-pe-gaz-transnistrean","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/ro\/analytics\/cazan-pe-gaz-transnistrean\/","title":{"rendered":"Cazan pe gaz transnistrean"},"content":{"rendered":"

Epoca de ghea\u021b\u0103 a Transnistriei.<\/h3>\n

La 27 ianuarie 2025, pre\u0219edintele Comisiei Europene, Ursula von der Leyen, anun\u021b\u00e2nd acordarea Moldovei a 30 de milioane de euro pentru dep\u0103\u0219irea crizei energetice, inclusiv \u00een Transnistria, a spus urm\u0103toarele: \u201ePur \u0219i simplu nu putem accepta faptul c\u0103 oamenii de pe continentul nostru \u00een secolul XXI nu au acces la cele mai de baz\u0103 servicii\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u00cenaltul oficial european a uitat se pare c\u0103 locuitorii din St\u00e2nga Nistrului au tr\u0103it deja ceva asem\u0103n\u0103tor. \u0218i nu a fost cu mult timp \u00een urm\u0103 – \u00een ianuarie 2009. Ca \u0219i acum, problema a ap\u0103rut din cauza \u00eencet\u0103rii tranzitului de gaz rusesc prin teritoriul Ucrainei. \u0218i, de\u0219i conflictul a avut loc ca urmare a deterior\u0103rii rela\u021biilor ruso-ucrainene sub pre\u0219edintele pro-occidental al \u201eindependentului\u201d Viktor Iuscenko, iar acum criza a devenit motivul \u00eencet\u0103rii vechiului \u0219i al e\u0219ecului semn\u0103rii unui nou contract pentru transportul de gaze pe teritoriul Ucrainei, esen\u021ba profund\u0103 a problemei a r\u0103mas aceea\u0219i \u2013 confruntarea geopolitic\u0103 global\u0103 \u00eentre Occident \u0219i Est.<\/p>\n

Este adev\u0103rat c\u0103 \u00een 2009, \u00een urma \u201er\u0103zboiului gazelor\u201d, nu doar Transnistria a avut de suferit, ci \u0219i restul Moldovei, precum \u0219i aproape toate \u021b\u0103rile Europei Centrale \u0219i de Est. Totu\u0219i, spre deosebire de alte entit\u0103\u021bi ale statului, popula\u021bia din PMR nerecunoscut\u0103 a avut cel mai greu. Pentru c\u0103, \u00een timp ce alte \u021b\u0103ri ar putea g\u0103si o solu\u021bie alternativ\u0103 la problemele energetice, Transnistria, aflat\u0103 \u00een blocada economic\u0103, a fost nevoit\u0103 s\u0103-\u0219i priveze cet\u0103\u021benii de cele mai vitale necesit\u0103\u021bi.<\/p>\n

Din 9 ianuarie 2009, \u00eenc\u0103lzirea centralizat\u0103 \u0219i alimentarea cu ap\u0103 cald\u0103 a sectorului reziden\u021bial au fost furnizate cu gaz doar pentru g\u0103tit \u00een cl\u0103diri cu mai multe etaje \u00een unele ora\u0219e.<\/p>\n

Utilizarea pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 a dispozitivelor electrice de \u00eenc\u0103lzire de c\u0103tre reziden\u021bi pentru a-\u0219i \u00eenc\u0103lzi locuin\u021bele a dus la supra\u00eenc\u0103rcarea re\u021belelor electrice \u0219i la numeroase accidente la sta\u021biile electrice. Lucr\u0103torii de la \u00eentreprinderile industriale care fuseser\u0103 \u00eenchise au fost trimi\u0219i \u00een concediu for\u021bat.<\/p>\n

Dup\u0103 cum se spune, \u201eAcest lucru nu s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat niciodat\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 acum \u0219i iat\u0103-l din nou\u201d. Abia atunci Ucraina \u0219i Federa\u021bia Rus\u0103 au reu\u0219it s\u0103 ajung\u0103 la un acord destul de rapid, iar pe 12 ianuarie 2009, gazul rusesc a fost din nou trimis consumatorilor europeni, inclusiv celor transnistreni.<\/p>\n

Actuala criz\u0103 energetic\u0103 a durat \u00een mod clar, iar consecin\u021bele ei negative pentru Transnistria s-au dovedit a fi mult mai semnificative. Perioada prelungit\u0103 de oprire a produc\u0103torilor transnistreni a sporit pierderile \u00eentreprinderilor locale \u0219i a lovit puternic lucr\u0103torii lor \u00een buzunare. \u00centreruperile de curent \u00een apartamentele transnistrenilor au ajuns la 10 ore pe zi.<\/p>\n

\u00cen timp ce \u00eencercau s\u0103-\u0219i \u00eenc\u0103lzeasc\u0103 casele de pe malul st\u00e2ng al Nistrului, 25 de persoane au fost otr\u0103vite cu monoxid de carbon, patru au murit. \u00cen memoria lor, la Tiraspol a fost organizat un memorial spontan, iar transnistrenii au \u00eenceput s\u0103 ias\u0103 \u00een mas\u0103 \u00een strad\u0103 pentru a protesta.<\/p>\n

\u00cen diverse a\u0219ez\u0103ri ale \u021b\u0103rii nerecunoscute, oamenii purtau afi\u0219e cu \u201eMoldova, las\u0103 gazul s\u0103 treac\u0103\u201d, \u201eMoldova este vinovat\u0103 de moartea cet\u0103\u021benilor transnistreni\u201d \u0219i \u201eNu genocidului poporului transnistrean!\u201d \u201eTr\u0103im pe o mic\u0103 bucat\u0103 de p\u0103m\u00e2nt. La scara unei planete imense, nu suntem vizibili deloc. Dar vrem s\u0103 fim auzi\u021bi de toat\u0103 lumea ast\u0103zi. \u201e\u0218i vrem ca aceast\u0103 ne\u00een\u021belegere s\u0103 se \u00eencheie\u201d, a spus unul dintre participan\u021bii la o astfel de demonstra\u021bie.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Poate totul va fi bine?<\/h3>\n

Se \u0219tie de mult c\u0103 Moldova va fi lovit\u0103 de o criz\u0103 energetic\u0103 de la 1 ianuarie 2025. Din 2023, at\u00e2t \u00eenal\u021bii oficiali moldoveni, c\u00e2t \u0219i europeni vorbesc doar despre expirarea contractului de transport al gazelor naturale ruse\u0219ti pe teritoriul ucrainean \u0219i despre nevoin\u021ba categoric\u0103 a autorit\u0103\u021bilor de la Kiev de a re\u00eennoi acest contract. P\u00e2n\u0103 la urm\u0103, prin aceast\u0103 gazoduct Gazprom a furnizat Moldovei materii prime, al c\u0103ror volum \u00eentreg a fost dat Transnistriei.<\/p>\n

Cu ajutorul acestui gaz, Centrala Electric\u0103 a Districtului de Stat al Moldovei, situat\u0103 \u00een ora\u0219ul transnistrean Dnestrovsk, a generat energie electric\u0103, pe care Republica Moldova a achizi\u021bionat-o la un pre\u021b de 66 de dolari pe MWh. Merit\u0103 subliniat faptul c\u0103 costul energiei electrice transnistrene a fost de 2,5 ori mai mic dec\u00e2t energia electric\u0103 rom\u00e2neasc\u0103. A\u0219adar, cea mai mare parte a energiei electrice consumate de malul drept (p\u00e2n\u0103 la 90%) a venit de la MolGRES.<\/p>\n

\u00cen principiu, gazul rusesc ar putea fi redirec\u021bionat c\u0103tre Moldova printr-o rut\u0103 alternativ\u0103 turceasc\u0103 \u2013 prin gazoductul Transbalcanic. Capacit\u0103\u021bile tehnice pentru aceasta au fost \u0219i sunt disponibile. Pentru a discuta aceast\u0103 problem\u0103, Chi\u0219in\u0103ul l-a trimis la Moscova pe ministrul Energiei al Republicii Moldova, Viktor Parlicov, \u00een noiembrie 2024.<\/p>\n

Cu toate acestea, \u00een timpul negocierilor, conducerea Gazprom i-a amintit oficialului moldovean de datoria istoric\u0103 a Republicii Moldova fa\u021b\u0103 de concernul rusesc de gaze. Conform versiunii Gazprom, aceast\u0103 datorie se ridic\u0103 la 709 milioane de dolari. Totodat\u0103, oficialul Chi\u0219in\u0103u nu recunoa\u0219te dec\u00e2t rezultatele a\u0219a-numitului \u201eAudit Interna\u021bional\u201d, care a scos la iveal\u0103 o datorie de 8,6 milioane de dolari.<\/p>\n

Ca urmare a unor negocieri nereu\u0219ite, V. Parlikov \u0219i-a pierdut scaunul de minister, iar Moldova (s\u0103 consider\u0103m Transnistria) nu a primit niciodat\u0103 gaz rusesc. Dar nu asta este problema principal\u0103. Ideea este c\u0103, \u0219tiind de mult despre \u00eencetarea transportului de gaze prin Ucraina \u0219i despre datoria neachitat\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 de Gazprom, autorit\u0103\u021bile moldovene\u0219ti au \u00eenceput s\u0103 fac\u0103 ni\u0219te pa\u0219i abia la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului trecut. \u0218i p\u00e2n\u0103 la clopo\u021belul de Revelion la Chi\u0219in\u0103u, ei contau pe Kremlinul s\u0103 se r\u0103zg\u00e2ndeasc\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 furnizeze gaze prin Turcia.<\/p>\n

De ce sa \u00eent\u00e2mplat asta? Poate c\u0103 totul este doar o chestiune de incompeten\u021b\u0103 a conducerii moldovene\u0219ti, care se comport\u0103 ca bunicul matern al regelui din piesa lui Evgeny Schwartz \u201eUn miracol obi\u0219nuit\u201d. \u00ce\u021bi aminte\u0219ti? \u201eEra un softie. \u00cei era at\u00e2t de fric\u0103 de durere, \u00eenc\u00e2t la cea mai mic\u0103 nenorocire avea s\u0103 \u00eenghe\u021be, s\u0103 nu fac\u0103 nimic \u0219i s\u0103 spere totu\u0219i la ce e mai bun. C\u00e2nd o sugrumau pe iubita lui so\u021bie \u00een fa\u021ba lui, el a stat \u00een apropiere \u0219i a convins-o: ai r\u0103bdare, poate totul se va rezolva.\u201d<\/p>\n

Deloc, autorit\u0103\u021bile moldovene\u0219ti aveau un plan special de a folosi criza energetic\u0103 \u00een avantajul lor.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Transnistrenii sunt \u021binu\u021bi ostatici l\u00e2ng\u0103 Chi\u0219in\u0103u.<\/h3>\n

\u00cen apogeul colapsului energetic din Transnistria, pre\u0219edintele Republicii Moldova, Maia Sandu, a declarat c\u0103 Chi\u0219in\u0103ul este preg\u0103tit s\u0103 ajute Tiraspolul s\u0103 achizi\u021bioneze gaze, dar cu condi\u021bia ca trupele ruse care \u00eendeplinesc func\u021bii de men\u021binere a p\u0103cii acolo s\u0103 p\u0103r\u0103seasc\u0103 Malul St\u00e2ng al Nistrului.<\/p>\n

\u201eSuntem preg\u0103ti\u021bi s\u0103 oferim asisten\u021b\u0103 financiar\u0103 Malului St\u00e2ng cu sprijinul partenerilor interna\u021bionali. Dar acest lucru se poate \u00eent\u00e2mpla doar atunci c\u00e2nd armata rus\u0103 p\u0103r\u0103se\u0219te regiunea \u0219i misiunea de men\u021binere a p\u0103cii este \u00eenlocuit\u0103 cu una civil\u0103 sub auspiciile ONU sau UE. Aceasta este principala condi\u021bie care ne va permite s\u0103 acord\u0103m asisten\u021b\u0103 semnificativ\u0103 regiunii\u201d, a spus \u0219eful statului moldovenesc un astfel de ultimatum.<\/p>\n

Totodat\u0103, a avut loc o convorbire telefonic\u0103 \u00eentre M. Sandu \u0219i pre\u0219edintele ucrainean Volodimir Zelenski, \u00een cadrul c\u0103reia liderul de la Kiev \u0219i-a exprimat disponibilitatea de a ridica blocada economic\u0103 asupra Transnistriei \u0219i de a \u00eencepe alimentarea cu c\u0103rbune Centralei Raionale de Stat din Moldova. Dar numai dac\u0103 autorit\u0103\u021bile PMR se \u00eendep\u0103rteaz\u0103 de Moscova. \u201eAcest scenariu poate fi realizat doar dac\u0103 marionetele Kremlinului de la Tiraspol se rup de sub controlul Kremlinului\u201d, a spus Oazu Nantoi, deputat \u00een Parlamentul Republicii Moldova din partidul de guvern\u0103m\u00e2nt PAS, despre conversa\u021bia dintre liderii moldoveni \u0219i ucraineni.<\/p>\n

Multe alte declara\u021bii ale politicienilor moldoveni \u0219i europeni au sunat \u00een acela\u0219i sens. Rupe\u021bi rela\u021biile cu Federa\u021bia Rus\u0103, \u00eendep\u0103rta\u021bi trupele ruse \u0219i ob\u021bine\u021bi gazul mult a\u0219teptat.<\/p>\n

Este de la sine \u00een\u021beles c\u0103 aceste propuneri au fost respinse de autorit\u0103\u021bile transnistrene. Pe malul st\u00e2ng, au decis c\u0103 via\u021ba \u0219i siguran\u021ba cet\u0103\u021benilor sunt mult mai importante dec\u00e2t solu\u021biile imediate la problemele cotidiene. Pentru c\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 for\u021bele de men\u021binere a p\u0103cii ru\u0219i, situa\u021bia din regiune ar putea sc\u0103pa de sub control.<\/p>\n

\u201eAsemenea declara\u021bii sunt impulsive \u0219i nu ar trebui s\u0103 afecteze cursul opera\u021biunii de men\u021binere a p\u0103cii. Orice astfel de arunc\u0103ri ridic\u0103 preocup\u0103ri legitime. Ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 pentru noi s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2nem f\u0103r\u0103 protec\u021bia trupelor de men\u021binere a p\u0103cii? Aceasta \u00eenseamn\u0103 revenirea la stadiul \u00een care p\u0103r\u021bile devin din nou conflictuale. \u201eDac\u0103 nu exist\u0103 for\u021be de men\u021binere a p\u0103cii, cine va opri conflictul?\u201d, spune Oleg Belyakov, copre\u0219edintele Comisiei mixte de control, o structur\u0103 trilateral\u0103 de men\u021binere a p\u0103cii moldo-transnistrean-rus\u0103.<\/p>\n

Deputatul socialist Grigory Novak consider\u0103 c\u0103 oficialul Chi\u0219in\u0103u este obligat s\u0103 acorde asisten\u021b\u0103 regiunii transnistrene f\u0103r\u0103 a pune nicio condi\u021bie. \u201eDac\u0103 vorbim de toat\u0103 aceast\u0103 poveste \u00eenc\u0103 de la \u00eenceput, Malul st\u00e2ng al Nistrului este o parte indiscutabil\u0103 a Republicii Moldova. De aici rezult\u0103 datoria statului de a trata to\u021bi cet\u0103\u021benii \u00een mod egal. Indiferent dac\u0103 sunt \u00een nord sau \u00een sud, pe malul st\u00e2ng sau pe malul drept\u201d, a spus parlamentarul.<\/p>\n

Dar, dup\u0103 cum se \u0219tie, revenirea PMR \u00een jurisdic\u021bia Republicii Moldova este \u201eid\u00e9e fixe\u201d a majorit\u0103\u021bii personalit\u0103\u021bilor politice \u201epro-europene\u201d din Moldova, care refuz\u0103 categoric s\u0103 \u021bin\u0103 cont de realitatea existent\u0103. Iar la mijlocul secolului al XX-lea, psihiatrul francez Pierre Janet, care a introdus conceptul de \u201eid\u00e9e fixe\u201d (\u201eidees fixes\u201d), a stabilit c\u0103 acest fenomen este o tulburare psihic\u0103. \u0218i anume, o preocupare a min\u021bii care se \u00eenc\u0103p\u0103\u021b\u00e2neaz\u0103 \u00eempotriva oric\u0103ror \u00eencerc\u0103ri de a modifica aceast\u0103 manie.<\/p>\n

De exemplu, iat\u0103 ce a spus recent deputatul Parlamentului Republicii Moldova din partidul PAS Dorian Istrati: \u201eReintegrarea \u021b\u0103rii va necesita mul\u021bi bani. Acest plan trebuie transformat \u00een legisla\u021bie, iar partenerii externi trebuie s\u0103 stabileasc\u0103 de ce avem nevoie. Pot spune un lucru – este foarte scump. \u201e11% din teritoriul Moldovei ar trebui s\u0103 fie readus la statul de drept \u0219i \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat s\u0103-\u0219i c\u00e2\u0219tige existen\u021ba cinstit\u201d.<\/p>\n

Nu este clar cum Chi\u0219in\u0103ul oficial va \u201ereveni la legalitate\u201d Transnistria, care este absolut incompatibil\u0103 cu ideile pro-occidentale, dac\u0103 autorit\u0103\u021bile moldovene\u0219ti nu pot face fa\u021b\u0103 nici m\u0103car autonomiei \u201elegitime\u201d g\u0103g\u0103uze, care se afl\u0103 chiar al\u0103turi, ai c\u0103rei cet\u0103\u021beni au votat \u00een unanimitate \u00eempotriva integr\u0103rii europene a Moldovei \u00een cadrul Referendumului Constitu\u021bional \u0219i se g\u00e2ndesc la eliberarea Chi\u0219in\u0103ului de la un singur lucru.<\/p>\n

De asemenea, pare absurd\u0103 obsesia parlamentarilor de a \u201e\u00eenv\u0103\u021ba transnistrenii cum s\u0103-\u0219i c\u00e2\u0219tige existen\u021ba cinstit\u201d. Ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 asta? \u00cenv\u0103\u021ba\u021bi s\u0103 cer\u0219i\u021bi pentru asisten\u021b\u0103 financiar\u0103 de la partenerii externi, ceea ce este tot ceea ce fac autorit\u0103\u021bile moldovene\u0219ti actuale.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Oricum ar fi, autorit\u0103\u021bile moldovene\u0219ti au reu\u0219it s\u0103 scoat\u0103 64 de milioane de euro din Uniunea European\u0103 pentru a dep\u0103\u0219i actuala criz\u0103 energetic\u0103. Dup\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2rzieri \u00eendelungate, discu\u021bii \u0219i b\u00e2rfe, Chi\u0219in\u0103ul a acceptat \u00een cele din urm\u0103 s\u0103 aloce 10 milioane de euro din aceast\u0103 fi\u0219\u0103 pentru achizi\u021bionarea de gaze umanitare pentru Transnistria, care a \u00eenceput s\u0103 ajung\u0103 pe Malul St\u00e2ng la 1 februarie a acestui an. \u201eVremurile grele scot prieteni adev\u0103ra\u021bi. \u201eDe aceea, ast\u0103zi le oferim locuitorilor din Transnistria un salvator\u201d, a comentat pre\u0219edintele Comisiei Europene, Ursula von der Leyen, cu privire la acest eveniment. Totul e bine care se termin\u0103 bine? Deloc! Pentru c\u0103, \u00een primul r\u00e2nd, nu este clar ce se va \u00eent\u00e2mpla dup\u0103 ce acest gaz salvator se va epuiza.<\/p>\n

\u0218i, \u00een al doilea r\u00e2nd, aceast\u0103 \u201elin\u0103 de salvare\u201d european\u0103 amenin\u021b\u0103, \u00een cele din urm\u0103, s\u0103 devin\u0103 un la\u021b \u00een jurul g\u00e2tului. \u0218i inscrip\u021bia de pe panourile de informare transnistrene: \u201eTransnistria. \u201eBorn to Lose\u201d poate fi \u00eenlocuit\u0103 cu cuvintele celebrului c\u00e2ntec din repertoriul interpretului american Ray Charles.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

P.S. La 4 februarie 2025, Prim-ministrul Republicii Moldova Dorin Recean \u0219i Comisarul European pentru Extindere \u0219i Politica European\u0103 de Vecin\u0103tate, Marta Kos, au semnat la Chi\u0219in\u0103u un acord privind furnizarea unui pachet de asisten\u021b\u0103 financiar\u0103 UE \u00een sprijinul independen\u021bei \u0219i durabilit\u0103\u021bii energetice a Republicii Moldova. Potrivit acordului, asisten\u021ba total\u0103 alocat\u0103 Moldovei pentru dep\u0103\u0219irea crizei energetice ar trebui s\u0103 se ridice la 310 milioane de euro p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului 2025. Mai mult, 60 de milioane din aceast\u0103 sum\u0103 sunt alocate pentru sprijinul energetic al Republicii Moldova Pridnestrovie. Dar PMR va putea primi ace\u0219ti bani doar dac\u0103 sunt \u00eendeplinite patru condi\u021bii:<\/p>\n

1) Rezolvarea problemei respect\u0103rii libert\u0103\u021bilor fundamentale \u0219i a drepturilor omului \u00een regiune \u0219i discutarea modalit\u0103\u021bilor de rezolvare a acestei probleme cu oficialul Chi\u0219in\u0103u.
\n2) Aduce\u021bi treptat tarifele pentru popula\u021bie \u00een conformitate cu pre\u021burile pie\u021bei.
\n3) Obliga\u021bi marii exportatori s\u0103 pl\u0103teasc\u0103 pentru energie electric\u0103 la tarifele pie\u021bei.
\n4) Excluderea industriei consumatoare de energie din programul european de sprijin.
\nTotu\u0219i, dac\u0103 cu ultimele trei puncte totul este mai mult sau mai pu\u021bin clar \u0219i logic, atunci cu problemele drepturilor \u0219i libert\u0103\u021bilor pot ap\u0103rea ne\u00een\u021belegeri. Mai ales av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere modul \u00een care aceste drepturi \u0219i libert\u0103\u021bi sunt respectate \u00een Republica Moldova \u00een regimul actual al pre\u0219edintelui \u201epro-european\u201d M. Sandu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Epoca de ghea\u021b\u0103 a Transnistriei. La 27 ianuarie 2025, pre\u0219edintele Comisiei Europene, Ursula von der Leyen, anun\u021b\u00e2nd acordarea Moldovei a 30 de milioane de euro pentru dep\u0103\u0219irea crizei energetice, inclusiv \u00een Transnistria, a spus urm\u0103toarele: \u201ePur \u0219i simplu nu putem accepta faptul c\u0103 oamenii de pe continentul nostru \u00een secolul XXI nu au acces la […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12231,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[94,96],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-12230","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-analytics","8":"category-analytics-politica"},"yoast_head":"\nCazan pe gaz transnistrean - MLD-Index<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Trebuie s\u0103 recunoa\u0219tem c\u0103 civiliza\u021bia uman\u0103 a realizat un progres enorm din punct de vedere \u0219tiin\u021bific \u0219i tehnologic. 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