{"id":13647,"date":"2025-04-24T14:00:25","date_gmt":"2025-04-24T11:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/?p=13647"},"modified":"2025-05-02T09:59:01","modified_gmt":"2025-05-02T06:59:01","slug":"campuri-fara-viitor-de-ce-pietele-internationale-nu-vor-salva-moldova-de-la-colapsul-agricol-partea-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/ro\/analytics\/campuri-fara-viitor-de-ce-pietele-internationale-nu-vor-salva-moldova-de-la-colapsul-agricol-partea-1\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e2mpuri f\u0103r\u0103 viitor: de ce pie\u021bele interna\u021bionale nu vor salva Moldova de la colapsul agricol. Partea 1"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201eC\u00e2nd vom avea o majoritate parlamentar\u0103, agricultura va prospera\u201d, le-a spus Sandu fermierilor. Cu toate acestea, \u00een practic\u0103, oficialii au recomandat doar fermierilor \u201es\u0103 a\u0219tepte p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd ader\u0103 la UE\u201d pentru a primi subven\u021bii de la Bruxelles.<\/p>\n

Fermierii au r\u0103spuns cu proteste \u00een mas\u0103, bloc\u00e2nd drumurile cu tractoare \u0219i cer\u00e2nd desp\u0103gubiri \u0219i ajutor guvernamental. Dar problemele lor au r\u0103mas nerezolvate.<\/p>\n

\u201eLegea privind sprijinul pentru fermieri a fost adoptat\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 fermieri. \u00abNu func\u021bioneaz\u0103\u00bb, a spus fostul deputat Alexander Slusari.<\/p>\n

\u00cen vara anului 2024, asocia\u021biile de fermieri au anun\u021bat c\u0103 \u00een bugetul fondului de subven\u021bionare al sectorului a existat un deficit de peste 230 de milioane de lei (peste 13 milioane de dolari).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u201eF\u0103r\u0103 cre\u0219terea bugetului Fondului Na\u021bional pentru Agricultur\u0103 \u0219i Dezvoltare Rural\u0103, sistemul de subven\u021bii \u0219i cel agricol s-ar putea pr\u0103bu\u0219i\u201d, se arat\u0103 \u00eentr-o scrisoare trimis\u0103 guvernului de asocia\u021bia For\u021ba Fermierilor. Situa\u021bia a fost agravat\u0103 de secet\u0103, probleme logistice \u0219i extinderea alimentelor ieftine din Ucraina.<\/p>\n

Asemenea \u00eenghe\u021buri bru\u0219te<\/h3>\n

Cataclismele climatice au devenit principala provocare pentru complexul agroindustrial moldovenesc. \u00cenghe\u021burile de prim\u0103var\u0103 din 2025 au distrus p\u00e2n\u0103 la 50% din recolta de caise, piersici \u0219i cire\u0219e.<\/p>\n

\u201eAu mai fost \u00eenghe\u021buri \u00eenainte, dar nu a\u0219a. \u00abVor fi pu\u021bine fructe vara \u0219i vor fi scumpe\u00bb, spune fermierul Andrei \u021aurkanu.<\/p>\n

Asocia\u021bia For\u021ba Fermierilor trage un semnal de alarm\u0103 \u0219i insist\u0103 asupra unei \u0219edin\u021be de guvern de urgen\u021b\u0103 \u2013 \u00eenghe\u021burile t\u00e2rzii au dat o lovitur\u0103 zdrobitoare agriculturii, \u00een special livezilor \u0219i podgoriilor \u00een cea mai vulnerabil\u0103 perioad\u0103 de \u00eenflorire. Aceasta nu este prima criz\u0103 din acest an: fermierii se lupt\u0103 de luni de zile cu consecin\u021bele secetei, grindinei \u0219i ploilor toren\u021biale, dar nu au primit niciun sprijin sistemic.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Autorit\u0103\u021bile s-au limitat la m\u0103suri formale: acum fermierii pot solicita evaluarea pagubelor \u00een termen de 24 de ore de la \u00eenghe\u021b, iar o comisie special\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 \u00eentocmeasc\u0103 un raport \u00een termen de \u0219ase zile lucr\u0103toare pentru a revizui obliga\u021biile de creditare. Totu\u0219i, fermierii numesc aceste m\u0103suri o pic\u0103tur\u0103 \u00eentr-un ocean. \u201eProgramele Buget+ \u0219i Planul de Cre\u0219tere a Republicii Moldova ignor\u0103 de fapt nevoile agriculturii\u201d, afirm\u0103 asocia\u021bia. \u201eDintr-un ajutor european de 8 miliarde de lei, doar 200 de milioane au fost alocate sectorului agricol, \u00een timp ce companiile energetice au primit 410 milioane de euro pentru a dep\u0103\u0219i criza.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201eSuntem \u00een pragul dezastrului\u201d, avertizeaz\u0103 pre\u0219edintele For\u021ba Fermierilor, Alexandru Br\u00eenza. \u201eF\u0103r\u0103 m\u0103suri urgente \u0219i decisive, \u021bara risc\u0103 s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 securitate alimentar\u0103.\u201d Fermierii cer nu doar desp\u0103gubiri, ci \u0219i programe reale de asigurare a culturilor \u2013 de\u0219i statul promite s\u0103 acopere 70% din primele de asigurare, majoritatea fermierilor pur \u0219i simplu nu \u00ee\u0219i permit restul de 30%.<\/p>\n

Mai mult, fermierii observ\u0103 c\u0103 situa\u021bia devine cronic\u0103: an de an, fermierii se confrunt\u0103 cu acelea\u0219i probleme, iar autorit\u0103\u021bile se limiteaz\u0103 la jum\u0103t\u0103\u021bi de m\u0103sur\u0103 unice. \u00cen timp ce oficialii am\u00e2n\u0103 decizia, agricultura Moldovei \u00ee\u0219i pierde rapid r\u0103m\u0103\u0219i\u021bele poten\u021bialului s\u0103u de odinioar\u0103.<\/p>\n

Seceta \u0219i pr\u0103bu\u0219irea culturilor cheie<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Seceta \u0219i c\u0103ldura anormal\u0103 de anul trecut au dus la:
\n\u2022 O sc\u0103dere a exporturilor de soia cu 89% (de la 50 de milioane de unit\u0103\u021bi \u00een 2023 la 1,69 milioane \u00een 2025).
\n\u2022 O reducere cu 93% a exporturilor de porumb (doar 74 de mii de tone v\u00e2ndute \u00een 2025 fa\u021b\u0103 de 1 milion \u00een 2021\u20132022). Ca o glum\u0103 de 1 aprilie, una dintre institu\u021biile media a publicat o publica\u021bie despre construc\u021bia unui zg\u00e2rie-nori \u00een form\u0103 de porumb \u00een Chi\u0219in\u0103u, \u00een zona centrului de televiziune, dar pe fondul statisticilor sumbre ale industriei, aceasta nu st\u00e2rne\u0219te niciun z\u00e2mbet.<\/p>\n

Dup\u0103 cum a remarcat Iurie Rija, pre\u0219edintele Asocia\u021biei Agrocereale, se observ\u0103 o dinamic\u0103 negativ\u0103 at\u00e2t \u00een \u200b\u200bindicatorii cantitativi, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een valoarea financiar\u0103 a tranzac\u021biilor cu soia, \u0219rot \u0219i ulei vegetal, relateaz\u0103 bani.md.<\/p>\n

\u201eDup\u0103 un nivel record \u00een 2023, c\u00e2nd Moldova a exportat peste 50 de milioane de unit\u0103\u021bi de produse din soia, \u00eenceputul anului 2025 arat\u0103 un declin alarmant \u2013 doar 1,69 milioane de unit\u0103\u021bi \u00een primul trimestru. Acesta este un semnal clar pentru reconsiderarea strategiei comerciale\u201d, avertizeaz\u0103 Rija.<\/p>\n

Soia reprezint\u0103 peste 60% din totalul exporturilor. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, Ucraina import\u0103 peste 99% din volumul de soia \u00een Moldova, ceea ce creeaz\u0103 dependen\u021b\u0103 \u0219i alte tendin\u021be negative pe pia\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n

Potrivit Agrocereale, la \u00eenceputul anului 2025, exportul de f\u0103in\u0103 moldoveneasc\u0103 (4,5 milioane kg) a dep\u0103\u0219it pentru prima dat\u0103 constant importurile (4,2 milioane kg). Totu\u0219i, dezechilibrul de pre\u021buri r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u2013 \u021bara continu\u0103 s\u0103 importe produse mai scumpe (162,2 milioane de lei) dec\u00e2t export\u0103 (133 milioane de lei \u00een 2024).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Diferen\u021ba de cost se explic\u0103 prin trei factori principali:
\n\u2022 Moldova achizi\u021bioneaz\u0103 f\u0103in\u0103 premium de \u00eenalt\u0103 calitate \u0219i comercializeaz\u0103 produse de gam\u0103 medie;
\n\u2022 Se import\u0103 soiuri specializate pentru industria de panifica\u021bie \u0219i cofet\u0103rie;
\n\u2022 Costurile logistice au un impact semnificativ.<\/p>\n

De\u0219i diferen\u021ba de pre\u021b se reduce treptat (de la 12,0 lei\/kg pentru importuri fa\u021b\u0103 de 6,8 lei\/kg pentru exporturi \u00een 2022 la 9,8 lei\/kg fa\u021b\u0103 de 5,0 lei\/kg \u00een 2024), aceasta r\u0103m\u00e2ne semnificativ\u0103, reflect\u00e2nd diferen\u021ba de calitate \u0219i specifica\u021bii ale produsului.<\/p>\n

S-ar putea s\u0103 nu fie suficient zah\u0103r \u0219i carne?<\/h3>\n

Pia\u021ba zah\u0103rului din Republica Moldova continu\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eenregistreze un deficit, \u00een ciuda eforturilor produc\u0103torilor locali. Consumul anual este de 75-80 de mii de tone, dar \u00eentreprinderile autohtone nu pot furniza volume suficiente la pre\u021buri competitive. Drept urmare, pre\u021burile cu am\u0103nuntul \u00een Moldova (20-21 lei\/kg) dep\u0103\u0219esc semnificativ pre\u021burile europene (15,5 lei\/kg), ceea ce are un impact negativ asupra consumatorilor \u0219i a industriei alimentare. Situa\u021bia este agravat\u0103 de reducerea culturilor de sfecl\u0103 de zah\u0103r \u2013 \u00een 2025 au fost sem\u0103nate doar 10-11 mii de hectare (cu 30% mai pu\u021bin dec\u00e2t \u00eenainte), ceea ce acoper\u0103 doar jum\u0103tate din necesar.<\/p>\n

Pentru a rezolva problema, Moldova este obligat\u0103 s\u0103 importe zah\u0103r, \u00een principal din Serbia \u0219i \u021b\u0103rile UE, la rate preferen\u021biale. Serbia ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 at\u00e2t ca furnizor \u00een perioadele de penurie, c\u00e2t \u0219i ca pia\u021b\u0103 \u00een perioadele de exces de produc\u021bie, dar o astfel de dependen\u021b\u0103 pune \u021bara noastr\u0103 \u00een pericol. Conform datelor pentru primul trimestru al anului 2025, 90% din importuri (peste 20 de mii de tone) sunt controlate de doar trei companii str\u00e2ns legate de sectorul manufacturier din Republica Moldova.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Pre\u021burile c\u0103rnii ar putea cre\u0219te \u00een viitorul apropiat, deoarece 40% din popula\u021bia de porci a fost distrus\u0103 anul acesta din cauza pestei porcine africane.<\/p>\n

\u201eAm pierdut peste 100.000 de porci. \u00abEste imposibil s\u0103 refacem rapid efectivul\u00bb, avertizeaz\u0103 Carolina Linte de la Asocia\u021bia Prelucr\u0103torilor de Carne.<\/p>\n

Guvernul, \u00eens\u0103, face apel la calm, spun\u00e2nd c\u0103 nu va exista o penurie de carne. \u201eAm f\u0103cut o analiz\u0103 pentru urm\u0103toarele patru s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni, bazat\u0103 pe num\u0103rul de animale care sunt crescute \u00een prezent. Respectiv, cresc\u0103torii de porci din ferme pot furniza abatoarelor peste 9.000 de porci pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103, ceea ce corespunde la aproximativ 3.200-3.300 de tone pe lun\u0103. Acestea sunt volume similare cu cele care erau umplute p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd am ajuns la aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie. Pre\u021burile fluctueaz\u0103 de obicei, dar nu va fi o fluctua\u021bie foarte mare, deoarece avem o situa\u021bie \u00een care chiar \u0219i p\u00e2n\u0103 acum o s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103, c\u00e2nd au fost \u00eenregistrate aceste cazuri de pest\u0103 porcin\u0103 african\u0103, fermierii din Republica Moldova erau supraaglomera\u021bi. De la caz la caz, de la 15 la 40% suprapopulare, vom putea folosi aceste resurse pentru a acoperi nevoile, golurile cauzate de virus\u201d, a ad\u0103ugat Valentin Ro\u0219ca, \u0219eful Departamentului Politici Sectoriale Zootehnice din cadrul Ministerului Agriculturii…<\/p>\n

Cite\u0219te continuarea \u00een articolul urm\u0103tor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201eC\u00e2nd vom avea o majoritate parlamentar\u0103, agricultura va prospera\u201d, le-a spus Sandu fermierilor. Cu toate acestea, \u00een practic\u0103, oficialii au recomandat doar fermierilor \u201es\u0103 a\u0219tepte p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd ader\u0103 la UE\u201d pentru a primi subven\u021bii de la Bruxelles. Fermierii au r\u0103spuns cu proteste \u00een mas\u0103, bloc\u00e2nd drumurile cu tractoare \u0219i cer\u00e2nd desp\u0103gubiri \u0219i ajutor guvernamental. Dar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13652,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[94,96],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-13647","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-analytics","8":"category-analytics-politica"},"yoast_head":"\nC\u00e2mpuri f\u0103r\u0103 viitor: de ce pie\u021bele interna\u021bionale nu vor salva Moldova de la colapsul agricol. Partea 1 - MLD-Index<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00cen perioada 2024\u20132025, fermierii moldoveni s-au confruntat cu o serie de crize pe care autorit\u0103\u021bile nu au putut s\u0103 le previn\u0103. 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