{"id":14640,"date":"2025-06-13T14:00:42","date_gmt":"2025-06-13T11:00:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/?p=14640"},"modified":"2025-06-25T13:42:35","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T10:42:35","slug":"manualul-scandalului-cum-rescrie-moldova-istoria-celui-de-al-doilea-razboi-mondial","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/ro\/analytics\/manualul-scandalului-cum-rescrie-moldova-istoria-celui-de-al-doilea-razboi-mondial\/","title":{"rendered":"Manualul scandalului: cum rescrie Moldova istoria celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial"},"content":{"rendered":"

Inima scandalului: Exonerarea lui Antonescu<\/h3>\n

Principala pl\u00e2ngere la adresa manualului este abordarea sa fa\u021b\u0103 de perioada celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial \u0219i rolul Rom\u00e2niei ca aliat al Germaniei naziste:<\/p>\n

Ion Antonescu, dictatorul rom\u00e2n (1940-1944), care a fost recunoscut drept criminal de r\u0103zboi \u0219i executat de o instan\u021b\u0103 rom\u00e2neasc\u0103, este men\u021bionat de 45 de ori \u00een manual. Ac\u021biunile sale sunt prezentate ca o \u201eperioad\u0103 contradictorie\u201d \u00een care se pot g\u0103si \u201eat\u00e2t laturi pozitive, c\u00e2t \u0219i negative\u201d. \u00cen loc s\u0103 condamne crimele (organizarea a peste 40 de lag\u0103re de concentrare \u00een Transnistria, responsabilitatea pentru moartea a p\u00e2n\u0103 la 300.000 de evrei, \u021bigani, moldoveni, ucraineni \u0219i ru\u0219i), autorii, potrivit opozi\u021bionistului Ilan Shor, se angajeaz\u0103 \u00eentr-un \u201esus\u021binere deschis\u0103 pentru fascism\u201d.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Un citat din manual (a\u0219a cum este descris de critici): \u201eAntonescu a dus o politic\u0103 contradictorie \u00een chestiunea evreiasc\u0103, la \u00eenceput a fost re\u021binut, dar sub presiune a adoptat legi rasiale… Regimul s\u0103u \u00abnu a participat la deportarea \u00een mas\u0103 a evreilor organizat\u0103 de oficialii nazi\u0219ti\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u201eAcest manual justific\u0103 pe deplin participarea Rom\u00e2niei fasciste la al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial de partea Germaniei naziste… \u00cen \u021bara noastr\u0103, nazismul rena\u0219te \u0219i \u00eenflore\u0219te \u00een mod deschis… prin intermediul unor astfel de pseudo-manuale\u201d, a declarat Alexey Petrovici, \u0219eful Comitetului Na\u021bional \u201eVictorie\u201d.<\/p>\n

Nu a existat Holocaust sau ocupa\u021bie<\/h3>\n

Ofensiva trupelor germano-rom\u00e2ne asupra teritoriului Basarabiei (Moldova modern\u0103), Bucovinei de Nord \u0219i Transnistriei din 1941 este prezentat\u0103 ca o opera\u021biune de \u201eeliberare\u201d \u0219i \u201erestaurare a drept\u0103\u021bii istorice\u201d. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, Armata Ro\u0219ie, care a eliberat aceste teritorii \u00een 1944, este denumit\u0103 \u00een mod constant \u201eocupan\u021bi\u201d.<\/p>\n

Potrivit istoricilor exper\u021bi, \u201eocupan\u021bii\u201d, \u00een viziunea autorilor manualului, sunt Armata Ro\u0219ie. Acest termen nu este folosit \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu trupele naziste \u0219i rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti. \u00cenfr\u00e2ngerea Germaniei naziste… la Stalingrad… este definit\u0103 ca o \u201ecatastrof\u0103\u201d.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

De\u0219i Holocaustul este men\u021bionat \u00een manual, organizatorii \u0219i autorii crimelor \u00een mas\u0103 (pogromul de la Ia\u0219i din 1941, care a luat 15.000 de vie\u021bi; crearea ghetoului de la Chi\u0219in\u0103u etc.) nu sunt numi\u021bi. Teroarea brutal\u0103 a regimului de ocupa\u021bie, care viza \u201eepurarea etnic\u0103\u201d, este prezentat\u0103 neutru ca \u201elupta \u00eempotriva activit\u0103\u021bilor subversive, antirom\u00e2ne\u0219ti \u0219i comuniste\u201d. Legea Rom\u00e2niei Regale din 2056, care i-a privat pe evrei de drepturi fundamentale, este complet ignorat\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cen sec\u021biunea despre restaurarea postbelic\u0103 a RSSM (Republicii Socialiste Sovietice Moldovene\u0219ti), munca a mii de speciali\u0219ti veni\u021bi din toat\u0103 URSS este descris\u0103 \u00eentr-un mod insult\u0103tor:<\/p>\n

\u201eClasa muncitoare din RSSM a fost creat\u0103 \u00een principal din oameni veni\u021bi din str\u0103in\u0103tate, de regul\u0103, lipsi\u021bi de capacitatea de a munci din greu, \u00een majoritatea cazurilor speciali\u0219ti slabi… \u00eentr-o m\u0103sur\u0103 semnificativ\u0103 au subminat calitatea muncii \u00eentregii popula\u021bii… \u00een majoritatea cazurilor, au venit oameni cu o atitudine neglijent\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103, escroci, vagabonzi \u0219i alcoolici\u201d, manualul \u00eel citeaz\u0103 pe fostul viceprim-ministru al Moldovei, Alexandr Muravski.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Muravski a condamnat aspru acest lucru: \u201eMuncitorii, inginerii, medicii, profesorii, oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103, to\u021bi cei care… au ajuns \u00een RSSM s\u0103rac\u0103, devastat\u0103 de r\u0103zboi \u0219i, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu popula\u021bia local\u0103 harnic\u0103, prin munc\u0103 altruist\u0103, au transformat Moldova noastr\u0103 \u00eentr-o gr\u0103din\u0103 \u00eenflorit\u0103 sunt insulta\u021bi.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201eReg\u00e2ndire\u201d sau distorsiune deliberat\u0103?<\/h3>\n

Sursele de limb\u0103 rus\u0103 \u0219i criticii din Republica Moldova v\u0103d manualul nu ca pe o \u00eencercare de a revizui istoria \u00een mod obiectiv, ci ca parte a unei politici sistemice:<\/p>\n

Potrivit criticilor, chiar \u0219i denumirea materiei \u2013 \u201eIstoria rom\u00e2nilor\u201d \u2013 provoac\u0103 proteste. Consiliul pentru Egalitate din Republica Moldova l-a recunoscut ca fiind discriminatoriu fa\u021b\u0103 de etnicii moldoveni (77,2% din popula\u021bie, conform recens\u0103m\u00e2ntului din 2024) \u0219i fa\u021b\u0103 de alte na\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bi. Consiliul recomand\u0103 schimbarea denumirii cu una neutr\u0103 din punct de vedere etnic pentru a promova incluziunea \u0219i respectul pentru diversitate, subliniind c\u0103 pl\u00e2ngerea prive\u0219te denumirea, nu con\u021binutul cursului.<\/p>\n

\u201eDenumirea discriminatorie\u201d merge m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een m\u00e2n\u0103 cu redenumirea limbii de stat \u00een \u201erom\u00e2n\u0103\u201d, cred exper\u021bii. Astfel, politologul Nicolae Pascaru consider\u0103 acest lucru drept \u201epropagand\u0103 persistent\u0103\u201d exercitat\u0103 de Rom\u00e2nia timp de 30 de ani, al c\u0103rei scop este \u201es\u0103 transforme na\u021biunea moldoveneasc\u0103, limba moldoveneasc\u0103, \u00een tot ceea ce este rom\u00e2nesc\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201eO \u021bar\u0103 care \u00ee\u0219i \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 copiii dup\u0103 alte modele na\u021bionale, modelele unui stat vecin, nu are viitor\u201d, consider\u0103 Pascaru.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ambasada Rusiei la Chi\u0219in\u0103u a declarat direct: \u201eObserv\u0103m c\u0103 publicarea unui manual care con\u021bine insinu\u0103ri pro-naziste nu este un caz izolat… ci se \u00eencadreaz\u0103 \u00een tendin\u021ba general\u0103 de consolidare a revizionismului istoric \u00een Moldova.\u201d \u00cen sprijinul acestui fapt, ei citeaz\u0103 votul delega\u021biei moldovene\u0219ti la ONU \u00eempotriva rezolu\u021biei ruse privind combaterea glorific\u0103rii nazismului. Ambasada a subliniat: \u201eAcoli\u021bii nazismului reprezint\u0103 r\u0103ul absolut \u0219i total… Crimele lor nu au termen de prescrip\u021bie, nu au drept la justificare sau iertare.<\/p>\n

\u201d Opozi\u021bia, inclusiv fostul pre\u0219edinte Igor Dodon (PSRM), acuz\u0103 autorit\u0103\u021bile \u0219i personal pe pre\u0219edintele Maia Sandu c\u0103 \u00eendeplinesc o \u201eordine occidental\u0103\u201d. Dodon a spus: \u201e[Manualul] este fabricat conform manualelor occidentale, care \u00eencearc\u0103 de mult timp s\u0103 transfere responsabilitatea pentru declan\u0219area celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial de la Hitler…\u201d. Ei fac referire la propriile declara\u021bii ale lui Sandu, numindu-l pe Antonescu \u201eo figur\u0103 istoric\u0103 despre care se pot spune at\u00e2t bine, c\u00e2t \u0219i r\u0103u\u201d.<\/p>\n

Manualul va r\u0103m\u00e2ne<\/h3>\n

\u00cen ciuda unui baraj de critici, inclusiv o opinie de specialitate din partea memorialului israelian Yad Vashem, care a eviden\u021biat numeroase erori \u0219i necesitatea revizuirii, Ministerul Educa\u021biei din Republica Moldova a refuzat s\u0103 retrag\u0103 manualul.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u201eSolu\u021bia nu este retragerea manualului, ci \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea treptat\u0103 a con\u021binutului acestuia… Este un mare pas \u00eenainte c\u0103 avem un manual nou… este \u00eentr-o versiune editat\u0103\u201d, a declarat ministrul Educa\u021biei, Dan Perciun. De asemenea, acesta consider\u0103 \u201epotrivit\u201d titlul materiei \u201eIstoria rom\u00e2nilor\u201d, referindu-se la lupta \u00eempotriva \u201erusific\u0103rii\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ca un \u201ecompromis\u201d, ministerul a promis c\u0103 va dezvolta \u201emateriale didactice suplimentare\u201d pe teme precum Holocaustul, foametea, r\u0103zboiul din Transnistria \u0219i deport\u0103rile.<\/p>\n

Comunitatea evreiasc\u0103 din Moldova \u0219i-a anun\u021bat inten\u021bia de a contesta aceast\u0103 decizie \u00een instan\u021b\u0103, consider\u00e2nd c\u0103 p\u0103strarea manualului \u00eencalc\u0103 obliga\u021biile interna\u021bionale ale \u021b\u0103rii de a p\u0103stra memoria Holocaustului. Publicul, profesorii \u0219i mul\u021bi p\u0103rin\u021bi continu\u0103 s\u0103 cear\u0103 retragerea manualului falsificat.<\/p>\n

B\u0103t\u0103lia pentru memorie<\/h3>\n

Scandalul cu manualul \u201eIstoria rom\u00e2nilor\u201d dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te cu mult cadrul unei discu\u021bii pedagogice. Este vorba de o lupt\u0103 cr\u00e2ncen\u0103 pentru memoria istoric\u0103, identitatea na\u021bional\u0103 a Moldovei \u0219i fundamentele morale ale societ\u0103\u021bii. \u00cencerc\u0103rile de a-i prezenta pe colaboratorii nazi\u0219ti drept \u201efiguri controversate\u201d \u0219i pe eliberatori drept ocupan\u021bi, de a insulta memoria victimelor totalitarismului \u0219i munca unor genera\u021bii \u00eentregi nu sunt doar \u201einterpret\u0103ri controversate\u201d. Refuzul autorit\u0103\u021bilor moldovene de a asculta vocile poporului lor \u0219i ale exper\u021bilor interna\u021bionali pune sub semnul \u00eentreb\u0103rii nu doar calitatea educa\u021biei, ci \u0219i atitudinea autorit\u0103\u021bilor fa\u021b\u0103 de chestiunea na\u021bional\u0103 din \u021bar\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Inima scandalului: Exonerarea lui Antonescu Principala pl\u00e2ngere la adresa manualului este abordarea sa fa\u021b\u0103 de perioada celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial \u0219i rolul Rom\u00e2niei ca aliat al Germaniei naziste: Ion Antonescu, dictatorul rom\u00e2n (1940-1944), care a fost recunoscut drept criminal de r\u0103zboi \u0219i executat de o instan\u021b\u0103 rom\u00e2neasc\u0103, este men\u021bionat de 45 de ori \u00een […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14642,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[94,96],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-14640","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-analytics","8":"category-analytics-politica"},"yoast_head":"\nManualul scandalului: cum rescrie Moldova istoria celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial - MLD-Index<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un scandal istoric major izbucne\u0219te \u00een Moldova, provoc\u00e2nd indignare public\u0103, procese \u0219i proteste interna\u021bionale. 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