{"id":17494,"date":"2026-01-27T14:00:56","date_gmt":"2026-01-27T11:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/?p=17494"},"modified":"2026-01-27T20:20:38","modified_gmt":"2026-01-27T17:20:38","slug":"diabolism-o-poveste-despre-economia-moldovei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/ro\/analytics\/diabolism-o-poveste-despre-economia-moldovei\/","title":{"rendered":"Diabolism. O poveste despre economia Moldovei"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cen basmul lui Hans Christian Andersen \u201eB\u0103iatul \u0219i gospodina\u201d, capul familiei, obosit de neglijen\u021ba sa \u0219i a so\u021biei sale \u0219i de scuzele ei nesf\u00e2r\u0219ite pentru incapacitatea lor de a gestiona gospod\u0103ria, a exclamat odat\u0103: \u201eO gospodin\u0103 rea d\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna vina pe pisic\u0103\u201d.<\/p>\n

Economia Republicii Moldova nu este nici ea ideal\u0103. \u00cen cele peste trei decenii de la pr\u0103bu\u0219irea URSS, economia Moldovei nu numai c\u0103 nu a reu\u0219it s\u0103-\u0219i revin\u0103, dar a intrat \u00eentr-o stare de \u201eruin\u0103\u201d, genul care apare de obicei dup\u0103 tulbur\u0103ri majore. Mai mult, situa\u021bia economic\u0103 grav\u0103 a \u021b\u0103rii s-a \u00eenr\u0103ut\u0103\u021bit \u0219i mai mult dup\u0103 ce pre\u0219edintele Maia Sandu \u0219i partidul s\u0103u PAS au ajuns la putere la \u00eenceputul anilor 1920. \u0218i, \u00een mod surprinz\u0103tor, tocmai aceast\u0103 organiza\u021bie \u201epro-european\u0103\u201d \u0219i \u201edemocratic\u0103\u201d, care, conform rapoartelor oficiale, este sus\u021binut\u0103 activ de Occident, a ajuns la putere pe un val de promisiuni generoase despre un \u201emiracol economic\u201d \u0219i \u201evremuri bune\u201d.<\/p>\n

Cu toate acestea, faptele concrete nu indic\u0103 o \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire, ci o deteriorare a vie\u021bii moldovenilor de r\u00e2nd \u0219i un colaps continuu al economiei \u021b\u0103rii. Cu toate acestea, autorit\u0103\u021bile, prin iner\u021bie, continu\u0103 s\u0103 hr\u0103neasc\u0103 popula\u021bia cu basme, \u00eendemn\u00e2nd-o s\u0103 mai \u00eendure pu\u021bin, s\u0103 mai reziste pu\u021bin \u0219i, \u00een final, \u201emana cereasc\u0103\u201d economic\u0103 va c\u0103dea asupra societ\u0103\u021bii. Dac\u0103 acest lucru este adev\u0103rat – adic\u0103 dac\u0103 ar trebui s\u0103 ne a\u0219tept\u0103m la schimb\u0103ri pozitive \u00een situa\u021bia economic\u0103 a Moldovei \u00een viitorul apropiat – este ceea ce vom examina acum.<\/p>\n

Lucrurile au stat \u0219i mai r\u0103u \u00een \u201eextravagan\u021bii\u201d ani ’90.<\/h3>\n

Modelul economic clasic presupune c\u0103 cre\u0219terea pre\u021burilor de consum duce la o cre\u0219tere a produc\u021biei. O sc\u0103dere a pre\u021burilor semnaleaz\u0103, de asemenea, o sc\u0103dere a activit\u0103\u021bii economice. \u00cens\u0103, se pare c\u0103 mica Moldov\u0103 nu se \u00eencadreaz\u0103 \u00een aceste cadre economice clasice. \u0218i recent, costul vie\u021bii a crescut f\u0103r\u0103 cre\u0219tere economic\u0103. Acest lucru, la r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u, a avut un impact extrem de negativ at\u00e2t asupra popula\u021biei, c\u00e2t \u0219i asupra afacerilor.<\/p>\n

Pentru al cincilea an consecutiv, adic\u0103 sub conducerea \u201eprofesioni\u0219tilor\u201d din partidul PAS \u201epro-european\u201d de guvernare, \u021bara se afl\u0103 \u00eentr-o stare de stagfla\u021bie \u2013 un fenomen rar \u0219i extrem de periculos \u00een care stagnarea este combinat\u0103 cu infla\u021bia.<\/p>\n

\u00cen ultimii cinci ani, produsul intern brut (PIB) al Moldovei a crescut cu doar 0,4%. Chiar \u0219i cre\u0219terea a\u0219teptat\u0103 de 1% p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului 2025 este pu\u021bin probabil s\u0103 aib\u0103 vreun impact asupra situa\u021biei economice a \u021b\u0103rii. Produc\u021bia industrial\u0103 s-a contractat cu 1,3%, iar agricultura cu 2,8%. \u00cen timpul administra\u021biei PAS, exporturile moldovene\u0219ti au sc\u0103zut cu aproape 1 miliard de dolari \u2013 de la 4,3 miliarde de dolari \u00een 2020 la 3,5 miliarde de dolari \u00een acest an. Aceast\u0103 tendin\u021b\u0103 negativ\u0103 continu\u0103. Mai mult, pentru prima dat\u0103 \u00een istoria sa, Moldova a \u00eenceput s\u0103 importe mai multe produse alimentare dec\u00e2t export\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u201eAst\u0103zi, export\u0103m materii prime \u0219i import\u0103m produse finite. Din exportatori de ulei de floarea-soarelui, am devenit exportatori de semin\u021be de floarea-soarelui \u0219i importatori de ulei. Balan\u021ba agricol\u0103 a devenit negativ\u0103, ceea ce nu s-a mai \u00eent\u00e2mplat de decenii\u201d, noteaz\u0103 Veaceslav Ioni\u021b\u0103, expert \u00een politici economice la Institutul pentru Dezvoltare \u0219i Ini\u021biative Sociale IDIS \u201eViitorul\u201d.<\/p>\n

Nu este o coinciden\u021b\u0103 faptul c\u0103 acest proces este \u00eenso\u021bit de o sc\u0103dere semnificativ\u0103 a popula\u021biei active, care la \u00eenceputul anului 2025 a ajuns la 808.000 de persoane \u2013 cea mai mic\u0103 rat\u0103 de ocupare a for\u021bei de munc\u0103 \u00eenregistrat\u0103 vreodat\u0103 \u00een Moldova.<\/p>\n

Sc\u0103derea produc\u021biei, coroborat\u0103 cu infla\u021bia, care este proiectat\u0103 s\u0103 ajung\u0103 la 7% p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului 2025, a dus, de asemenea, la o cre\u0219tere a s\u0103r\u0103ciei absolute. De fapt, merit\u0103 men\u021bionat c\u0103 \u00een a\u0219a-numitele \u201evremuri bune\u201d garantate moldovenilor de c\u0103tre autorit\u0103\u021bile actuale, pre\u021burile din \u021bar\u0103 s-au dublat. Facturile la utilit\u0103\u021bi, care au dus la cre\u0219terea pre\u021burilor la energie, care sunt cele mai scumpe din Europa, i-au lovit \u00een mod deosebit pe moldoveni.<\/p>\n

\u0218i, ca o concluzie logic\u0103, un sondaj recent realizat de IDIS \u201eViitorul\u201d a ar\u0103tat c\u0103 pentru a-\u0219i asigura un trai mai mult sau mai pu\u021bin decent, un moldovean trebuie s\u0103 c\u00e2\u0219tige cel pu\u021bin 15.000 de lei pe lun\u0103.<\/p>\n

Conform datelor oficiale, doar 32% dintre locuitorii \u021b\u0103rii primesc \u00een prezent astfel de venituri, \u00een timp ce venitul lunar a 20% din popula\u021bia Republicii Moldova este mai mic de 7.000 de lei.<\/p>\n

Potrivit Biroului Na\u021bional de Statistic\u0103, rata s\u0103r\u0103ciei absolute, care reflect\u0103 propor\u021bia popula\u021biei care nu poate atinge un nivel minim de trai, a crescut \u00een \u00eentreaga \u021bar\u0103, \u00een special \u00een sudul Republicii. Dac\u0103 acum cinci ani rata s\u0103r\u0103ciei \u00een sud era de 31%, ast\u0103zi aceasta a crescut la aproape 50%. \u00cen nordul Republicii, aceast\u0103 rat\u0103 a crescut de la 26,5% la 32,2%. Chiar \u0219i \u00een Chi\u0219in\u0103ul relativ prosper, rata s\u0103r\u0103ciei este \u00een sc\u0103dere – \u00eenainte de PAS, era de 7%, acum este de 11%.<\/p>\n

Trei din zece moldoveni tr\u0103iesc la limita s\u0103r\u0103ciei absolute, iar \u00een zonele rurale, rata s\u0103r\u0103ciei dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te 45%. Ca urmare a st\u0103rii dezastruoase a economiei moldovene\u0219ti, migra\u021bia continu\u0103 \u0219i se accelereaz\u0103.<\/p>\n

Statisticile arat\u0103 c\u0103 peste 32.100 de cet\u0103\u021beni au p\u0103r\u0103sit Republica Moldova \u00een 2024, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 o medie de 90 de persoane pe zi p\u0103r\u0103seau \u021bara \u00een c\u0103utarea unei vie\u021bi mai bune.<\/p>\n

\u201eAgricultura a sc\u0103zut, industria a dec\u0103zut, iar exporturile au sc\u0103zut. Cel mai r\u0103u este c\u0103 cre\u0219terea total\u0103 a PIB-ului Republicii Moldovei \u00een ultimii cinci ani este de 0%. Vom fi chiar u\u0219or pe ro\u0219u. Lucrurile au stat at\u00e2t de r\u0103u pentru noi doar \u00een primii zece ani de dup\u0103 independen\u021b\u0103, imediat dup\u0103 pr\u0103bu\u0219irea Uniunii Sovietice. \u00cen ultimii zece ani, agricultura noastr\u0103 a stagnat, industria este u\u0219or pe ro\u0219u, iar exporturile au revenit, practic, la nivelul de unde au r\u0103mas\u201d, conchide Veaceslav Ioni\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

R\u0103zboiul va \u0219terge totul.<\/h3>\n

\u201eRecesiunea actual\u0103 nu este un fenomen izolat, ci o reflectare a sl\u0103biciunii structurale a economiei moldovene\u0219ti, care nu a reu\u0219it s\u0103-\u0219i dep\u0103\u0219easc\u0103 problemele de baz\u0103 timp de mai mul\u021bi ani\u201d, afirm\u0103 expertul economic Veaceslav Ioni\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n

Cu toate acestea, actualele autorit\u0103\u021bi moldovene au propria opinie, una care difer\u0103 de cuno\u0219tin\u021bele teoretice acumulate de-a lungul secolelor de produc\u021bie uman\u0103. Pe scurt, mesajul liderilor \u021b\u0103rii este: \u201eNu este vina noastr\u0103 c\u0103 economia se pr\u0103bu\u0219e\u0219te. Este vina unor circumstan\u021be independente de voin\u021ba noastr\u0103.\u201d<\/p>\n

De exemplu, \u00een iulie 2025, fostul ministru al Dezvolt\u0103rii Economice \u0219i Digitaliz\u0103rii Republicii Moldova, Doina Nistor, s-a pl\u00e2ns de situa\u021bia global\u0103 instabil\u0103 care are un impact negativ asupra economiei moldovene\u0219ti.<\/p>\n

\u201eNe afl\u0103m \u00eentr-o situa\u021bie complet instabil\u0103, nu doar \u00een Moldova, ci \u00een \u00eentreaga lume. Numeroase incertitudini, conflicte armate, r\u0103zboaie tarifare – toate acestea, desigur, au un impact asupra situa\u021biei economice din \u021bara noastr\u0103. La nivelul Uniunii Europene, prognoza de cre\u0219tere economic\u0103 a fost, de asemenea, revizuit\u0103. \u00abFMI prognozeaz\u0103 o cre\u0219tere a UE de doar 0,8%, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 at\u00e2t Uniunea European\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i Republica Moldova se afl\u0103 \u00eentr-o situa\u021bie instabil\u0103\u00bb, a declarat oficialul.<\/p>\n

Autorit\u0103\u021bile moldovene invoc\u0103 \u00een mod insistent r\u0103zboiul ruso-ucrainean drept principalul motiv al pr\u0103bu\u0219irii economice a \u021b\u0103rii. Prin urmare, dac\u0103 r\u0103zboiul este folosit constant ca argument, este logic s\u0103 analiz\u0103m dezvoltarea economic\u0103 a altor \u021b\u0103ri vecine cu Ucraina.<\/p>\n

Potrivit Fondului Monetar Interna\u021bional, \u00een perioada 2022-2024, PIB-ul Poloniei a crescut cu 8,6%, al Rom\u00e2niei cu 7,3%, al Rusiei cu 7,1%, al Slovaciei cu 4,8%, al Ungariei cu 4% \u0219i al Belarusului cu 3,4%. Doar Moldova a ajuns pe pierdere. Numai ea a pierdut 3,4%. din produsul s\u0103u intern brut \u00een cei trei ani de r\u0103zboi.<\/p>\n

\u201eScuzele devin politic\u0103 de stat.\u201d La trei ani de r\u0103zboi, Republica Moldova r\u0103m\u00e2ne singurul vecin al Ucrainei cu o economie \u00een c\u0103dere liber\u0103. Maia Sandu \u0219i partidul PAS au transformat \u201er\u0103zboiul din Ucraina\u201d \u00eentr-o mantr\u0103 universal\u0103, folosit\u0103 pentru a explica tot felul de r\u0103sturn\u0103ri de situa\u021bie: cre\u0219terea pre\u021burilor, carantine, colapsuri economice. Timp de trei ani, acelea\u0219i justific\u0103ri mecanice sunt repetate obsesiv: \u201eeste un r\u0103zboi \u00een desf\u0103\u0219urare\u201d, \u201eun context regional complex\u201d, \u201eeste \u00een afara controlului nostru\u201d. Cu toate acestea, la un moment dat, realitatea \u00eenceteaz\u0103 s\u0103 mai cedeze propagandei, iar cifrele devin nemiloase\u201d, spune Vlad Filat, fost prim-ministru al Republicii Moldova \u0219i lider al Partidului Liberal Democrat.<\/p>\n

Compar\u00e2nd indicatorii economici din vecinii Ucrainei \u0219i chiar din Ucraina sf\u00e2\u0219iat\u0103 de r\u0103zboi, rezultatele Moldovei sunt devastatoare pentru partidul PAS de guvern\u0103m\u00e2nt, infirm\u00e2nd complet nara\u021biunea lor convenabil\u0103.<\/p>\n

S\u0103 examin\u0103m aceast\u0103 problem\u0103 mai detaliat. \u00cen primul an al conflictului armat, doar trei dintre cei \u0219apte vecini ai Ucrainei au \u00eenregistrat o sc\u0103dere a PIB-ului \u2013 Federa\u021bia Rus\u0103, Belarus \u0219i Moldova.<\/p>\n

Cu toate acestea, \u00een timp ce Rusia \u0219i Belarus, ca aliat direct, au fost (\u0219i continu\u0103 s\u0103 fie) supuse unor sanc\u021biuni economice dure, Moldova este o \u021bar\u0103 \u00een afara conflictului, liber\u0103 de sanc\u021biuni \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 infrastructur\u0103 distrus\u0103. Totu\u0219i, Republica Moldova este cea care se confrunt\u0103 cu cel mai profund declin economic.<\/p>\n

De\u0219i exist\u0103 explica\u021bii evidente pentru Rusia \u0219i Belarus, declinul din Moldova nu este direct legat de r\u0103zboi, ci este o consecin\u021b\u0103 a deciziilor nes\u0103buite ale guvernului: achizi\u021bii opace de gaze, contracte dubioase, cre\u0219tere rapid\u0103 a pre\u021burilor \u0219i lipsa complet\u0103 a unei strategii economice coerente. Drept urmare, r\u0103zboiul guvernului moldovean \u00eempotriva propriilor cet\u0103\u021beni a cauzat \u021b\u0103rii daune care dep\u0103\u0219esc consecin\u021bele r\u0103zboiului de la grani\u021ba sa.<\/p>\n

\u00cen cei doi ani care au urmat \u0219ocului ini\u021bial, toate statele din regiune s-au adaptat la evenimentele din Ucraina \u0219i au revenit pe o traiectorie de cre\u0219tere economic\u0103, dar doar Moldova r\u0103m\u00e2ne blocat\u0103 \u00eentr-un impas. Chiar \u0219i Polonia, o \u021bar\u0103 din prima linie care a g\u0103zduit milioane de refugia\u021bi ucraineni \u0219i se confrunt\u0103 cu o povar\u0103 bugetar\u0103 uria\u0219\u0103, demonstreaz\u0103 o redresare \u00eencrez\u0103toare.<\/p>\n

\u00cen ciuda sanc\u021biunilor \u0219i a greut\u0103\u021bilor r\u0103zboiului, Rusia \u00ee\u0219i reconstruie\u0219te economia. Belarus revine la un impuls pozitiv. Rom\u00e2nia, Slovacia \u0219i Ungaria \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 progrese constante. Singura excep\u021bie este Republica Moldova.<\/p>\n

\u0218i chiar \u0219i pentru Ucraina afectat\u0103, prognoza Fondului Monetar Interna\u021bional pentru 2025 este de dou\u0103 ori mai mare dec\u00e2t PIB-ul Moldovei. Aceasta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103, \u00een ochii exper\u021bilor interna\u021bionali, \u00een ciuda ora\u0219elor bombardate, a milioanelor de refugia\u021bi \u0219i a infrastructurii distruse, Ucraina demonstreaz\u0103 o disciplin\u0103 economic\u0103 \u0219i o capacitate de reform\u0103 mai mari dec\u00e2t Moldova sub PAS. \u0218i oric\u00e2t de mult se str\u0103duie\u0219te guvernul moldovean, nu poate ascunde acest fapt.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

A\u0219adar, morala acestei triste pove\u0219ti economice este c\u0103 toate \u021b\u0103rile din regiunea Europei de Est au \u00een prezent o tr\u0103s\u0103tur\u0103 comun\u0103: se \u00eenvecineaz\u0103 cu Ucraina, o \u021bar\u0103 aflat\u0103 \u00een r\u0103zboi. Dar toate aceste \u021b\u0103ri au ceva ce \u00eei lipse\u0219te Moldovei: nu sunt guvernate de PAS. Acest factor explic\u0103 \u00een mare m\u0103sur\u0103 de ce vecinii lor \u0219i-au redresat economiile, \u00een timp ce Moldova a intrat \u00een recesiune.<\/p>\n

Data viitoare, vom discuta despre rela\u021bia complicat\u0103 dintre autorit\u0103\u021bile moldovene \u0219i Fondul Monetar Interna\u021bional, ce m\u0103suri inten\u021bioneaz\u0103 autorit\u0103\u021bile moldovene s\u0103 ia pentru a restabili economia na\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i dac\u0103 implicarea sporit\u0103 a Rom\u00e2niei pe pia\u021ba moldoveneasc\u0103 va \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi situa\u021bia economic\u0103.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cen basmul lui Hans Christian Andersen \u201eB\u0103iatul \u0219i gospodina\u201d, capul familiei, obosit de neglijen\u021ba sa \u0219i a so\u021biei sale \u0219i de scuzele ei nesf\u00e2r\u0219ite pentru incapacitatea lor de a gestiona gospod\u0103ria, a exclamat odat\u0103: \u201eO gospodin\u0103 rea d\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna vina pe pisic\u0103\u201d. Economia Republicii Moldova nu este nici ea ideal\u0103. \u00cen cele peste trei decenii […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17498,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[94,98],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17494","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-analytics","category-analytics-economie-si-finante"],"yoast_head":"\nDiabolism. 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