{"id":18352,"date":"2026-03-25T14:00:48","date_gmt":"2026-03-25T11:00:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/?p=18352"},"modified":"2026-03-26T20:58:17","modified_gmt":"2026-03-26T17:58:17","slug":"intre-promisiuni-si-realitate-cursul-economic-al-moldovei-in-mijlocul-crizei-si-protestelor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/ro\/analytics\/intre-promisiuni-si-realitate-cursul-economic-al-moldovei-in-mijlocul-crizei-si-protestelor\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00centre promisiuni \u0219i realitate: cursul economic al Moldovei \u00een mijlocul crizei \u0219i protestelor"},"content":{"rendered":"

Optimismul pre\u0219edintelui<\/h3>\n

R\u0103spunz\u00e2nd la o \u00eentrebare direct\u0103 despre bun\u0103starea cet\u0103\u021benilor \u00een cadrul emisiunii \u201eCutia Neagr\u0103\u201d de la TV8, pre\u0219edinta Maia Sandu a adoptat o pozi\u021bie prudent optimist\u0103. Potrivit acesteia, schimb\u0103rile pozitive sunt deja observabile: \u201ePentru majoritatea categoriilor de cet\u0103\u021beni, veniturile sunt \u00een prezent mai mari dec\u00e2t \u00een \u200b\u200banii preceden\u021bi, chiar \u0219i \u021bin\u00e2nd cont de infla\u021bie.\u201d \u0218eful statului a subliniat c\u0103 pensiile \u0219i beneficiile sunt pl\u0103tite la timp, iar infla\u021bia s-a stabilizat. Cu toate acestea, potrivit lui Sandu, principalul obstacol \u00een calea dezvolt\u0103rii r\u0103m\u00e2ne factorul extern. \u201eOric\u00e2t de mult ne-am str\u0103dui, r\u0103zboiul din Ucraina continu\u0103 s\u0103 fie un factor serios de incertitudine… cel mai bun lucru care se poate \u00eent\u00e2mpla \u2013 inclusiv pentru economia noastr\u0103 \u2013 este sf\u00e2r\u0219itul r\u0103zboiului din Ucraina\u201d, a declarat ea, recunosc\u00e2nd c\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 aceasta, fluxurile de investi\u021bii vor fi limitate.<\/p>\n

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Pre\u0219edintele a \u00eendemnat, de asemenea, s\u0103 nu se a\u0219tepte rezultate imediate din partea guvernului condus de Alexandru Munteanu. \u00cen acela\u0219i interviu, ea a explicat: \u201eO revolu\u021bie economic\u0103 nu se poate realiza \u00een 100 de zile\u201d. Sandu a anun\u021bat prezentarea unui nou program de dezvoltare economic\u0103 pentru prim\u0103vara anului 2026, recunosc\u00e2nd totodat\u0103 probleme sistemice \u2013 de la criza demografic\u0103 \u0219i deficitul de for\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la productivitatea sc\u0103zut\u0103 \u0219i capacitatea slab\u0103 a institu\u021biilor statului de a implementa proiecte mari.<\/p>\n

Aceste declara\u021bii contrasteaz\u0103 puternic cu evalu\u0103rile opozi\u021biei. Fostul pre\u0219edinte \u0219i lider socialist, Igor Dodon, nu a stat la \u00eendem\u00e2n\u0103, acord\u00e2nd guvernului Munteanu un \u201eC\u201d pentru primele sale 100 de zile de mandat. \u201eM\u0103 a\u0219teptam la mai mult de la domnul prim-ministru… Este haos \u00een sectorul energetic, haos \u00een sfera social\u0103 \u0219i \u00een economie… nu avem absolut nimic\u201d, a declarat Dodon, anun\u021b\u00e2nd un vot de ne\u00eencredere \u00een guvern.<\/p>\n

Mai mult, Dodon a acuzat guvernul c\u0103 folose\u0219te r\u0103zboiul din Ucraina ca o justificare general\u0103. \u00centr-o conferin\u021b\u0103 de pres\u0103 din 26 februarie, el a declarat c\u0103 partidul PAS, aflat la guvernare, folose\u0219te conflictul \u201eca justificare politic\u0103, economic\u0103 \u0219i de politic\u0103 extern\u0103 pentru propriile e\u0219ecuri\u201d. El a sus\u021binut c\u0103 cre\u0219terea pre\u021burilor la energie \u0219i s\u0103r\u0103cirea a unei treimi din popula\u021bie sunt rezultatul unor calcule interne gre\u0219ite, nu doar al unor circumstan\u021be interna\u021bionale. Aceast\u0103 retoric\u0103 a determinat frac\u021biunea comunist\u0103 s\u0103 p\u0103r\u0103seasc\u0103 \u00een mod demonstrativ parlamentul, acuz\u00e2nd PAS de ipocrizie \u0219i transform\u00e2nd \u021bara \u00eentr-o \u201ezon\u0103 de tranzit pentru arme \u0219i droguri\u201d.<\/p>\n

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Protestul tarifar ca oglind\u0103 a economiei<\/h3>\n

Problemele economice se resimt cel mai acut \u00een portofelele cet\u0103\u021benilor, ceea ce a dus la proteste stradale. Pe 5 februarie, partidul Mi\u0219carea Na\u021bional\u0103 Alternativ\u0103 (MAN) a organizat un flash mob \u00een fa\u021ba parlamentului, cu sloganuri elocvente: \u201eNoi pl\u0103tim, voi fura\u021bi!\u201d \u0219i \u201eANRE, lucra\u021bi pentru PAS?\u201d. Protestatarii au acuzat autorit\u0103\u021bile c\u0103 am\u00e2n\u0103 reducerile tarifelor la gaze \u0219i electricitate, \u00een ciuda sc\u0103derii pre\u021burilor pe pie\u021bele externe.<\/p>\n

\u201eC\u00e2nd a venit vorba de cre\u0219terea tarifelor, acestea au fost aplicate retroactiv… Ast\u0103zi, c\u00e2nd exist\u0103 condi\u021bii prealabile clare pentru reducerea tarifelor, acest proces este am\u00e2nat \u00een mod deliberat\u201d, a declarat deputatul MAN, Gaik Vartanyan. Deputata Olga Ursu a descris situa\u021bia cet\u0103\u021benilor ca fiind o \u201ealegere dramatic\u0103: s\u0103 stai \u00een frig sau s\u0103 te \u00eendatorezi\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u00centr-adev\u0103r, problema tarifelor r\u0103m\u00e2ne una dintre cele mai sensibile. De\u0219i \u0219eful ANRE, Alexei Taran, vorbe\u0219te cu pruden\u021b\u0103 despre necesitatea de a analiza ofertele furnizorilor \u00eentr-un \u201elan\u021b logic\u201d, deputa\u021bii opozi\u021biei cer detalii specifice. Konstantin Kuyumzhu, membru al parlamentului din Partidul Nostru, a acuzat \u00eentreprinderea de stat Energokom de lips\u0103 de transparen\u021b\u0103, sus\u021bin\u00e2nd c\u0103, de\u0219i pre\u021bul mediu de pia\u021b\u0103 pentru gaze este de 33,5 euro pe MWh, compania a inclus 38,5 euro \u00een tariful s\u0103u \u0219i c\u0103 datele privind tranzac\u021biile efective sunt clasificate.<\/p>\n

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\u00cen timp ce politicienii dezbat cauzele dificult\u0103\u021bilor economice, mii de familii din Republica Moldova se confrunt\u0103 deja cu o consecin\u021b\u0103 direct\u0103: cre\u0219terea facturilor la utilit\u0103\u021bi. \u00cen ianuarie 2026, mul\u021bi cet\u0103\u021beni au fost surprin\u0219i s\u0103 constate c\u0103 facturile lor sunt semnificativ mai mari dec\u00e2t \u00een \u200b\u200banul precedent. Directorul general al Moldovagaz, Vadim Ceban, s-a gr\u0103bit s\u0103 atribuie situa\u021bia unor cauze obiective. Potrivit acestuia, num\u0103rul total de consumatori a r\u0103mas neschimbat (aproximativ 810.000 de gospod\u0103rii), dar consumul a crescut brusc. Num\u0103rul de abona\u021bi care utilizeaz\u0103 peste 200 de metri cubi de gaze pe lun\u0103 aproape s-a dublat – de la 80.000 \u00een ianuarie 2025 la 148.000 \u00een ianuarie 2026. \u201ePrincipalul factor a fost vremea rece\u201d, a declarat Ceban, men\u021bion\u00e2nd c\u0103 persoanele din categoriile cu consum redus pur \u0219i simplu s-au \u201emutat\u201d c\u0103tre segmente de pre\u021b superioare din cauza necesit\u0103\u021bii de a-\u0219i \u00eenc\u0103lzi locuin\u021bele mai intens.<\/p>\n

De\u0219i cauza din sectorul gazelor a fost clar enun\u021bat\u0103 – \u00eenghe\u021burile – situa\u021bia de pe pia\u021ba energiei electrice r\u0103m\u00e2ne neclar\u0103. Furnizorii (Premier Energy \u0219i FEE Nord) au depus deja cereri la Agen\u021bia Na\u021bional\u0103 de Reglementare \u00een Domeniul Energiei (ANRE) prin care solicit\u0103 o revizuire a tarifelor. Cu toate acestea, \u0219eful ANRE, Alexei Taran, evit\u0103 \u00een prezent detaliile. El a comparat procesul decizional cu asamblarea unui \u201epuzzle\u201d. Potrivit lui Taran, \u00eenainte de a aproba pre\u021burile finale pentru gospod\u0103rii, agen\u021bia trebuie s\u0103 ia \u00een considerare toate componentele: noile tarife de transport \u0219i distribu\u021bie, costul energiei din cogenerare \u0219i volatilitatea de pe pie\u021bele externe. \u201eExist\u0103 factori care pot influen\u021ba tarifele \u00een ambele direc\u021bii\u201d, a remarcat cu pruden\u021b\u0103 Taran. Pe de o parte, pre\u021bul energiei electrice din cogenerare produse pe plan intern a sc\u0103zut. Pe de alt\u0103 parte, importurile din Rom\u00e2nia devin mai scumpe din cauza cererii sezoniere ridicate. Astfel, mii de cet\u0103\u021beni r\u0103m\u00e2n \u00een incertitudine, a\u0219tept\u00e2nd s\u0103 vad\u0103 dac\u0103 previziunile optimiste ale ministrului Energiei, Dorin Junghietu (care anterior promisese c\u0103 nu vor exista \u201eajust\u0103ri semnificative\u201d) vor prevala \u00eempotriva realit\u0103\u021bii dure a pie\u021bei.<\/p>\n

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Sectorul real \u0219i presiunea fiscal\u0103<\/h3>\n

Un nou punct de tensiune a ap\u0103rut din ini\u021biativa guvernului de a cre\u0219te TVA-ul pentru sectorul HoReCa de la 8% la 18%. Ministrul Finan\u021belor, Andrian Gavrilit\u0103, justific\u0103 acest lucru invoc\u00e2nd necesitatea \u201eechit\u0103\u021bii\u201d \u00een sistemul fiscal, subliniind c\u0103 \u201eprofesorii \u0219i poli\u021bi\u0219tii pl\u0103tesc 40% din salarii, \u00een timp ce restul pl\u0103tesc 1%\u201d. Cu toate acestea, el insist\u0103 c\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 nu a fost luat\u0103 nicio decizie \u0219i c\u0103 \u201enimic prea brusc nu se va \u00eent\u00e2mpla \u00eenainte de ianuarie 2027\u201d.<\/p>\n

Companiile \u0219i exper\u021bii trag un semnal de alarm\u0103. Marin Gospodarenko, director executiv al think tank-ului Economica, avertizeaz\u0103 c\u0103 veniturile bugetare ar putea cre\u0219te pe termen scurt, dar apoi sectorul se confrunt\u0103 cu falimentul. \u201ePre\u021burile vor cre\u0219te, iar cet\u0103\u021beanul de r\u00e2nd va pl\u0103ti mai mult… Dac\u0103 pre\u021burile cresc, oamenii vor merge \u00een Ucraina sau Rom\u00e2nia. Am putea pierde concuren\u021ba regional\u0103\u201d, a declarat el. Vicepre\u0219edintele Parlamentului, Vlad Batrincea, \u00eei \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219te sentimentul, numind cre\u0219terea impozitelor o lovitur\u0103 pentru 23.000 de locuri de munc\u0103 \u0219i un stimulent pentru afaceri s\u0103 intre \u00een clandestinitate.<\/p>\n

Statisticile transportului de m\u0103rfuri pentru anul 2025, publicate de Infotag, ofer\u0103 pu\u021bin optimism. Volumul de m\u0103rfuri transportate a r\u0103mas la nivelul din 2024, de 20,2 milioane de tone. Cel mai popular mod de transport, transportul rutier, a sc\u0103zut cu 3,2%. Doar transportul feroviar \u0219i maritim a \u00eenregistrat o cre\u0219tere marginal\u0103 (mai pu\u021bin de 1,5%), \u00een timp ce transportul aerian a sc\u0103zut cu 40,3%. \u00centre timp, transportul de pasageri a crescut cu 8,3% (derivat \u00een principal de avia\u021bie \u0219i troleibuze), indic\u00e2nd o oarecare mobilitate a popula\u021biei, dar nu \u0219i activitate comercial\u0103.<\/p>\n

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\u00cen aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie, autorit\u0103\u021bile se bazeaz\u0103 pe finan\u021bare extern\u0103. Prim-ministrul Alexandru Munteanu a declarat necesitatea acceler\u0103rii deburs\u0103rii fondurilor europene. Din cele 1,9 miliarde de euro promise, doar 290 de milioane de euro au fost debursate. \u201eMai bine s\u0103 returnezi banii dec\u00e2t s\u0103-i arunci pe fereastr\u0103\u201d, a subliniat premierul, insist\u00e2nd c\u0103 fondurile ar trebui folosite pentru investi\u021bii, nu pentru consum.<\/p>\n

\u00cen acela\u0219i timp, dialogul cu Statele Unite s-a intensificat. Expertul IPRE, Daniel Vod\u0103, noteaz\u0103 c\u0103 sprijinul american dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te limita simbolic\u0103: 36,5 milioane de dolari pentru securitate \u0219i peste 130 de milioane de euro \u00een investi\u021bii \u00een infrastructura energetic\u0103. Cu toate acestea, rela\u021biile comerciale nu merg bine. Din cauza introducerii \u0219i a elimin\u0103rii ulterioare a tarifelor americane de 25%, precum \u0219i a introducerii unei suprataxe temporare de 10%, exporturile Republicii Moldova c\u0103tre Statele Unite p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2025 au sc\u0103zut vertiginos cu 55%, ajung\u00e2nd la 49,8 milioane de dolari, \u00een timp ce importurile au crescut cu 44%. Deficitul comercial cu Statele Unite s-a triplat. Cu toate acestea, BERD consider\u0103 c\u0103 Moldova ar putea beneficia \u00een continuare de o reducere general\u0103 a taxelor comerciale.<\/p>\n

Pre\u021bul r\u0103zboiului<\/h3>\n

Datele sumare de la Ministerul Economiei prezint\u0103 o imagine sumbr\u0103 a ultimilor ani. Ministerul recunoa\u0219te c\u0103, de la \u00eenceputul r\u0103zboiului din Ucraina, economia Moldovei s-a contractat cu 3,4%. \u00cen primul an al conflictului, PIB-ul a sc\u0103zut cu 4,6%, infla\u021bia a crescut la 30,2%, iar agricultura, industria \u0219i construc\u021biile au intrat \u00eentr-o spiral\u0103 descendent\u0103.<\/p>\n

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Abia \u00een 2025 a \u00eenceput s\u0103 apar\u0103 redresarea: cre\u0219terea din primele nou\u0103 luni a fost de 2%, determinat\u0103 de o recolt\u0103 bun\u0103 \u0219i de o cre\u0219tere a investi\u021biilor (+22,4%). Cu toate acestea, baza de compara\u021bie a fost extrem de sc\u0103zut\u0103. Infla\u021bia a \u00eencetinit la 6,8% p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een decembrie 2025. Autorit\u0103\u021bile prognozeaz\u0103 salariul mediu \u00een 2026 la 17.400 de lei (+8%), iar indexarea pensiilor de la 1 aprilie cu aproximativ 6,8% (pensia minim\u0103 dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te \u00een prezent 3.000 de lei).<\/p>\n

Cu toate acestea, riscurile externe r\u0103m\u00e2n. BERD \u0219i-a revizuit \u00een jos prognoza pentru 2026 – de la 3,8% la 3%, avertiz\u00e2nd asupra dependen\u021bei de sprijinul extern \u0219i a volatilit\u0103\u021bii pre\u021burilor la energie. Angela Gramade, expert\u0103 la Asocia\u021bia Exper\u021bilor \u00een Securitate, rezum\u0103 situa\u021bia: investitorii privesc \u00eentreaga regiune cu pruden\u021b\u0103, \u00een timp ce incertitudinea politic\u0103 intern\u0103 (inclusiv dialogul nerezolvat cu G\u0103g\u0103uzia) submineaz\u0103 \u00eencrederea \u00een calea integr\u0103rii europene a \u021b\u0103rii.<\/p>\n

\u00cen acest context, fostul \u0219ef al Comisiei Electorale Centrale, Iurie Ciocan, a eviden\u021biat o alt\u0103 problem\u0103 fundamental\u0103: insolven\u021ba autoguvern\u0103rii locale. Dintre cele 898 de prim\u0103rii, doar Chi\u0219in\u0103u \u0219i B\u0103l\u021bi \u00ee\u0219i pot acoperi cheltuielile administrative din venituri proprii. Restul se bazeaz\u0103 pe subven\u021bii, ceea ce indic\u0103 o criz\u0103 profund\u0103 de descentralizare \u0219i absen\u021ba unei baze economice locale.<\/p>\n

Astfel, realitatea economic\u0103 a Moldovei \u00een 2026 este alc\u0103tuit\u0103 din tendin\u021be contradictorii. Pe de o parte, exist\u0103 stabilizare macroeconomic\u0103, un aflux de ajutor european \u0219i cre\u0219tere local\u0103 \u00een agricultur\u0103 \u0219i construc\u021bii. Pe de alt\u0103 parte, exist\u0103 s\u0103r\u0103cirea popula\u021biei, r\u0103zboaiele tarifare, stagnarea \u00een sectoare cheie de transport \u0219i prelucrare \u0219i o criz\u0103 politic\u0103 sever\u0103 care pune sub semnul \u00eentreb\u0103rii capacitatea guvernului de a transforma ajutorul extern \u00een \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021biri reale ale vie\u021bii cet\u0103\u021benilor. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent, promisiunile pre\u0219edintelui privind cre\u0219terea veniturilor au fost spulberate de proteste care scandau \u201eNoi pl\u0103tim, voi fura\u021bi!\u201d, \u00een timp ce promisiunile unui viitor european au fost \u00eent\u00e2mpinate cu ne\u00eencredere \u00een institu\u021biile statului.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Optimismul pre\u0219edintelui R\u0103spunz\u00e2nd la o \u00eentrebare direct\u0103 despre bun\u0103starea cet\u0103\u021benilor \u00een cadrul emisiunii \u201eCutia Neagr\u0103\u201d de la TV8, pre\u0219edinta Maia Sandu a adoptat o pozi\u021bie prudent optimist\u0103. Potrivit acesteia, schimb\u0103rile pozitive sunt deja observabile: \u201ePentru majoritatea categoriilor de cet\u0103\u021beni, veniturile sunt \u00een prezent mai mari dec\u00e2t \u00een \u200b\u200banii preceden\u021bi, chiar \u0219i \u021bin\u00e2nd cont de infla\u021bie.\u201d […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18358,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[94,96],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-18352","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-analytics","8":"category-analytics-politica"},"yoast_head":"\n\u00centre promisiuni \u0219i realitate: cursul economic al Moldovei \u00een mijlocul crizei \u0219i protestelor - MLD-Index<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00cen timp ce Chi\u0219in\u0103ul oficial prezint\u0103 o imagine a unei redres\u0103ri treptate, economia moldoveneasc\u0103 continu\u0103 s\u0103 echilibreze \u0219ocurile externe,\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/ro\/analytics\/intre-promisiuni-si-realitate-cursul-economic-al-moldovei-in-mijlocul-crizei-si-protestelor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00centre promisiuni \u0219i realitate: cursul economic al Moldovei \u00een mijlocul crizei \u0219i protestelor - 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