{"id":6480,"date":"2024-01-11T14:00:15","date_gmt":"2024-01-11T11:00:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/?p=6480"},"modified":"2024-02-10T19:30:36","modified_gmt":"2024-02-10T16:30:36","slug":"criza-de-personal-din-moldova-cauze-si-consecinte-partea-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/ro\/analytics\/criza-de-personal-din-moldova-cauze-si-consecinte-partea-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Criza de personal din Moldova: cauze \u0219i consecin\u021be. Partea 2."},"content":{"rendered":"

Au plecat<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cen var\u0103, Veaceslav ioni, expert \u00een politic\u0103 economic\u0103, a anun\u021bat cifre alarmante \u00eentr-un reportaj pentru televiziune: 24% din popula\u021bia \u021b\u0103rii noastre are acum peste 60 de ani, 40% dintre tineri studiaz\u0103 sau se afl\u0103 permanent \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate.<\/p>\n

La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului, guvernul a aprobat un program de sus\u021binere a diasporei pentru 2024-2028, dar \u00eentrebarea principal\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2ne cum s\u0103 returneze oamenii care au plecat \u00eentr-o \u021bar\u0103 instabil\u0103 din punct de vedere economic, cu salarii mici.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

„For\u021ba de munc\u0103 pleac\u0103 \u00een floarea vie\u021bii, \u00eentre 25 \u0219i 40 de ani. \u00cen plus, \u00een ultimii ani, a existat o \u00eentoarcere a persoanelor cu v\u00e2rsta peste 60 de ani, adic\u0103 a persoanelor \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 de pensionare. \u00cen consecin\u021b\u0103, pe de o parte, pierdem o popula\u021bie care poate contribui la dezvoltarea economiei \u0219i poate oferi beneficii sociale, pe de alt\u0103 parte, apare o presiune suplimentar\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd se \u00eentorc persoanele \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 de pensionare”, a comentat rectorul Academiei de \u0219tiin\u021be Economice a Moldovei, Alexandru Stratan.<\/p>\n

Este pu\u021bin probabil ca membrii diasporei s\u0103 vrea s\u0103 se \u00eentoarc\u0103 acas\u0103, dar pot sus\u021bine economia cu investi\u021biile lor, spune Mihai Sava, directorul unei companii de logistic\u0103 care \u00ee\u0219i desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 activitatea \u00een Moldova. „Este mai ieftin pentru noi s\u0103 mergem \u00een Moldova \u0219i s\u0103 cump\u0103r\u0103m un serviciu acolo, pentru c\u0103 aici acela\u0219i serviciu ne va costa de dou\u0103-trei ori mai scump. Chiar dac\u0103 acesta este un salariu ridicat pentru economia \u021b\u0103rii, Acestea au totu\u0219i un cost mai mic pentru companiile care cump\u0103r\u0103 aceste servicii”, a explicat Sava, care locuie\u0219te permanent \u00een Statele Unite.<\/p>\n

Pentru a „v\u0103rui” sistemul financiar, \u00een noiembrie a fost elaborat un plan de limitare a tranzac\u021biilor cu numerar. Liderul Socialist este \u00eencrez\u0103tor c\u0103 aceast\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103 va lovi diaspora, ai c\u0103rei membri c\u00e2\u0219tig\u0103 adesea „bani negri” \u0219i nu \u00ee\u0219i vor putea confirma veniturile \u00een b\u0103ncile moldovene\u0219ti. „Drag\u0103 Diaspora… aceasta este o lovitur\u0103 pentru voi, cei care a\u021bi investit bani \u0219i care aduce\u021bi acas\u0103 1,5 miliarde de euro prin b\u0103nci \u0219i apoi \u00eenc\u0103 un miliard prin buzunare \u0219i transferuri. Investe\u0219ti aproape 3 miliarde de euro anual \u00een Republica Moldova, iar Maya Sandu te love\u0219te acum”, a spus Igor Dodon. Adic\u0103, odat\u0103 cu introducerea unor noi m\u0103suri, diaspora risc\u0103 s\u0103-\u0219i \u00eenghe\u021be conturile.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Destul de ciudat, cursul spre aderarea la Uniunea European\u0103 nu contribuie, de asemenea, la revenirea for\u021bei de munc\u0103 din diaspora. <\/p>\n

Includerea Rom\u00e2niei \u00een spa\u021biul aerian Schengen va permite moldovenilor cu pa\u0219aport rom\u00e2nesc s\u0103 treac\u0103 liber frontierele maritime \u0219i aeriene ale \u021b\u0103rilor Schengen \u00een luna martie a acestui an. Aceast\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103, de fapt, deschide oportunitatea compatrio\u021bilor no\u0219tri din Rom\u00e2nia nu numai de a c\u0103l\u0103tori, ci \u0219i de a g\u0103si de lucru \u00een \u021b\u0103rile UE mai atractive din punct de vedere financiar. <\/p>\n

Acesta din urm\u0103 a deschis recent portalul EU NEIGHBORS East, datorit\u0103 c\u0103ruia studen\u021bii pot aplica pentru programe de masterat pentru anul universitar 2024-2025 la Colegiul Europei, arti\u0219tii \u0219i lucr\u0103torii culturali vor primi granturi, stagii \u0219i c\u0103l\u0103torii de studiu \u00een \u021b\u0103rile UE.<\/p>\n

Pentru a lupta \u00eempotriva \u0219omajului<\/strong><\/p>\n

Potrivit Biroului Na\u021bional de Statistic\u0103, \u00een prezent \u00een Republica Moldova sunt circa 39.000 de \u0219omeri. \u00cen prim\u0103var\u0103, Agen\u021bia pentru ocuparea for\u021bei de munc\u0103 a lansat un program de vouchere educa\u021bionale pentru \u0219omeri. Cu ajutorul unui astfel de voucher, v\u0103 pute\u021bi \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi abilit\u0103\u021bile sau pute\u021bi urma cursuri de recalificare \u0219i chiar pute\u021bi primi 35% din salariul mediu lunar \u00een timpul antrenamentului.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ei bine, dac\u0103 nu iau vouchere \u0219i nu \u00ee\u0219i g\u0103sesc un loc de munc\u0103… a existat o glum\u0103 \u00eentr-un film vechi despre oprirea gazului, dar Ministerul Muncii a decis s\u0103 se ocupe mai dur de parazi\u021bi: reduce\u021bi treptat pl\u0103\u021bile datorate \u0219omerilor p\u00e2n\u0103 la anulare.<\/p>\n

„Dac\u0103 nu \u00ee\u0219i g\u0103sesc un loc de munc\u0103 \u00een termen de 6 luni, vor pierde 20% din costul asisten\u021bei sociale pentru urm\u0103toarele 2 luni, dac\u0103 primesc asisten\u021b\u0103 social\u0103 timp de 8 luni, valoarea asisten\u021bei este redus\u0103 cu 40%, iar dup\u0103 10 luni vor pierde din asisten\u021ba social\u0103 general\u0103”, a dezv\u0103luit esen\u021ba mecanismului \u0219eful departamentului, Alexey Buzu.<\/p>\n

De asemenea, Guvernul are un plan paralel \u2013 dac\u0103 nu reu\u0219e\u0219te s\u0103-\u0219i stimuleze tinerii, diaspora \u0219i cei care nu sunt atra\u0219i de salariile moldovenilor, s\u0103 deschid\u0103 frontiere lucr\u0103torilor de peste hotare. <\/p>\n

Liberalizarea pie\u021bei muncii a fost discutat\u0103 pentru prima dat\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii iunie: modific\u0103rile aduse legii „cu privire la regimul str\u0103inilor” au simplificat regimul de vize pentru cet\u0103\u021benii UE \u0219i au crescut num\u0103rul de ore de lucru posibile pentru studen\u021bii str\u0103ini de la 10 la 30 de ore pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103.<\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 nu-\u0219i vor ai lor, \u00eei vom aduce pe al\u021bii<\/strong><\/p>\n

La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului trecut, a devenit cunoscut faptul c\u0103 oportunit\u0103\u021bile pentru lucr\u0103torii din Turcia, Armenia, Ucraina, Georgia \u0219i \u021b\u0103rile balcanice vor fi extinse \u00een mod similar.<\/p>\n

„Ceea ce facem este s\u0103 deschidem Republica Moldova nu doar muncii necalificate, ci \u0219i talentelor. Pentru managerii competen\u021bi. Este foarte important. C\u00e2nd un investitor deschide o companie aici \u0219i are nevoie de un manager pe care vrea s\u0103-l invite din Rom\u00e2nia, Germania sau Italia, drumul s\u0103u nu ar trebui s\u0103 \u00eenceap\u0103 cu solicitarea unui permis de munc\u0103”, a comentat vicepremierul Dumitru Alaiba despre ini\u021biativ\u0103.<\/p>\n

Este evident c\u0103 deschiderea frontierelor c\u0103tre reziden\u021bii \u021b\u0103rilor care nu sunt cele mai prospere, at\u00e2t din punct de vedere economic, c\u00e2t \u0219i politic, este o m\u0103sur\u0103 extrem\u0103 \u0219i destul de contradictorie.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00cen special, programul de angajare a ucrainenilor care au inundat \u021bara dup\u0103 februarie 2022 a e\u0219uat deja.<\/p>\n

La mijlocul anului, \u0219efa Departamentului de politic\u0103 profesional\u0103 \u0219i reglementare a Migra\u021biei Muncii din cadrul Ministerului Muncii, Ana Gerganova, a declarat c\u0103 doar 1300 din cei 88 de mii de refugia\u021bi din Ucraina din Moldova au reu\u0219it s\u0103-\u0219i g\u0103seasc\u0103 un loc de munc\u0103.<\/p>\n

„Mul\u021bi dintre ei nu sunt mul\u021bumi\u021bi de nivelul salariilor oferite \u00een Republica Moldova, iar aceste informa\u021bii sunt furnizate chiar \u0219i de cet\u0103\u021benii Ucrainei. Ei spun c\u0103 cei care doreau s\u0103 lucreze au plecat \u00een Germania, Fran\u021ba, Belgia”, a explicat Ana Gerganova.<\/p>\n

Perspectivele<\/strong><\/p>\n

Un studiu realizat de Growth from Knowledge arat\u0103 c\u0103 nivelul s\u0103r\u0103ciei absolute \u00een Moldova a crescut la 26,8%, iar nivelul s\u0103r\u0103ciei extreme a fost de 10,8%. <\/p>\n

Salariile sunt abia suficiente pentru nevoile de baz\u0103, \u00een timp ce personalul cu \u00eenalt\u0103 calificare fie p\u0103r\u0103se\u0219te \u021bara, fie lucreaz\u0103 pentru alte state. \u00cen special, p\u00e2n\u0103 la 90% din serviciile IT produse \u00een \u021bara noastr\u0103 sunt exportate, a declarat Natalia Doniu, administratorul IT Park Moldova, \u00eentr-un interviu acordat Radio Moldova.<\/p>\n

„De la nord la sud, de la mic la mare, toat\u0103 lumea spune c\u0103 nu au for\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103, iar pentru a ob\u021bine un PIB \u00een cre\u0219tere, avem nevoie de mai mul\u021bi oameni care s\u0103 lucreze pentru companiile din Moldova, chiar aici sau de la distan\u021b\u0103, dar s\u0103 lucreze pentru companiile din Moldova”, a recunoscut ministrul Dezvolt\u0103rii Economice \u0219i digitaliz\u0103rii criticitatea situa\u021biei, vicepremierul Dumitru Alaiba.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Au plecat \u00cen var\u0103, Veaceslav ioni, expert \u00een politic\u0103 economic\u0103, a anun\u021bat cifre alarmante \u00eentr-un reportaj pentru televiziune: 24% din popula\u021bia \u021b\u0103rii noastre are acum peste 60 de ani, 40% dintre tineri studiaz\u0103 sau se afl\u0103 permanent \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate. La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului, guvernul a aprobat un program de sus\u021binere a diasporei pentru 2024-2028, dar \u00eentrebarea […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6485,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[94,95,96],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-6480","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-analytics","8":"category-analytics-cultura-si-sport","9":"category-analytics-politica"},"yoast_head":"\nCriza de personal din Moldova: cauze \u0219i consecin\u021be. 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