{"id":987,"date":"2022-08-30T18:39:41","date_gmt":"2022-08-30T15:39:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/?p=987"},"modified":"2022-12-06T15:15:11","modified_gmt":"2022-12-06T12:15:11","slug":"cum-sa-dam-viata-sistemului-de-invatamant-superior-din-moldova","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mld-index.info\/ro\/analytics\/cum-sa-dam-viata-sistemului-de-invatamant-superior-din-moldova\/","title":{"rendered":"Cum s\u0103 dam via\u021b\u0103 sistemului de \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m\u00e2nt superior din Moldova?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Merit\u0103 s\u0103 recunoa\u0219tem c\u0103 reformele \u00een domeniul \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m\u00e2ntului superior sunt de mult a\u0219teptate. Ast\u0103zi, \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 doar 59 de mii de oameni, de\u0219i \u00een urm\u0103 cu un deceniu \u00een 2012 erau peste 94 de mii de studen\u021bi, iar \u00een 2007 chiar 132. Reducerea multipl\u0103 a num\u0103rului de studen\u021bi nu poate fi explicat\u0103 nici m\u0103car prin demografie. Un t\u00e2n\u0103r student voteaz\u0103 cu picioarele. Ca loc de studiu, alegerea universit\u0103\u021bilor din Rom\u00e2nia, Cehia sau Polonia, sau, p\u00e2n\u0103 de cur\u00e2nd, universit\u0103\u021bile din Ucraina \u0219i Rusia. Dar, pierderea studen\u021bilor este pierderea viitorului. Din moment ce \u00een liceu, \u0219i apoi la universitate, se formeaz\u0103 o viziune asupra lumii cu care o persoan\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i petrece cea mai mare parte a vie\u021bii. \u0218i pierz\u00e2nd cohorte \u00eentregi de studen\u021bi, Moldova pierde o genera\u021bie din cei care \u00eei vor determina viitorul.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Proiectul de modernizare a universit\u0103\u021bilor din Moldova are deja 2 luni \u00eentregi. Pentru prima dat\u0103, inten\u021bia de a efectua reforme a fost anun\u021bat\u0103 pe 28 iunie. subiect-10-nu-462-mec-2022.pdf (gov.md)<\/a><\/p>\n

Aminti\u021bi-v\u0103 c\u0103 pentru majoritatea comunit\u0103\u021bii \u0219tiin\u021bifice profesionale, reforma a fost o surpriz\u0103 complet\u0103. Chiar \u0219i \u0219eful Academiei de \u0218tiin\u021be a Republicii, Ion Tighineanu, a spus c\u0103 a aflat despre transform\u0103rile viitoare din mass-media. \u0218i nimeni nu a avut nici m\u0103car consult\u0103ri preliminare cu comunitatea profesional\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cens\u0103, \u00een lunile de la anun\u021barea sa, s-au acumulat destul de mul\u021bi oponen\u021bi ai reformelor. Unul dintre cele mai multe centre de consolidare a fost Universitatea Agrar\u0103 de Stat \u0219i rectorul acesteia Veronica Prisecaru. Ea a fost sus\u021binut\u0103 \u0219i de Farm Power Association.<\/p>\n

\u00cens\u0103 conducerea \u021b\u0103rii \u00een aceast\u0103 chestiune a dat dovad\u0103 de o rar\u0103 integritate. Critica reformei (\u00een special, desfiin\u021barea universit\u0103\u021bii agrare) l-a costat chiar \u0219i pe \u0219eful Ministerului Agriculturii, Viorel Gerchiu, postul. \u0218i dac\u0103 confruntarea ajunge la un nivel at\u00e2t de \u00eenalt (iar adversarii nu sunt doar \u00een r\u00e2ndurile opozi\u021biei politice), ci \u0219i \u00een r\u00e2ndul membrilor Cabinetului de Mini\u0219tri din subordinea Nataliei Gavrilitsa, nu este aceasta o dovad\u0103 c\u0103 reforma nu a mers conform a pl\u0103nui?<\/p>\n

Moment de destabilizare<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Merit\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eencepem cu faptul c\u0103 chiar momentul pentru anun\u021b a fost ales foarte ciudat. \u00cen acele zile \u0219i s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni, \u0219colarii de ieri au luat decizia final\u0103 cu privire la alegerea locurilor de studiu. Dar tinerii vor duce acte la universitate ale c\u0103rei zile sunt num\u0103rate? Evident, num\u0103rul celor care doresc s\u0103 dob\u00e2ndeasc\u0103 cuno\u0219tin\u021be va sc\u0103dea foarte mult. Sus\u021bin\u0103torii reformei vor spune c\u0103 graba este cauzat\u0103 de necesitatea de a folosi c\u00e2t mai cur\u00e2nd resursa de 700 de milioane de lei alocat\u0103 acestei reforme. Interesant este c\u0103 doar 500 de milioane din aceste fonduri vor merge direct c\u0103tre programe de formare, resurse materiale \u0219i infrastructur\u0103, iar alte 200 de milioane pentru \u201emodernizarea managementului\u201d. Ce se \u00een\u021belege prin acest termen abstract? \u00cencurajare pentru sus\u021bin\u0103tori, pl\u0103\u021bi c\u0103tre cei care sunt t\u0103ia\u021bi, ca s\u0103 nu fie prea tare? Acest lucru nu a fost men\u021bionat \u00een proiect.<\/p>\n

Nu mai este claritate \u00een cealalt\u0103 problem\u0103. Unde a g\u0103sit bugetul modest al sistemului de \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m\u00e2nt (care a fost nevoit s\u0103 reduc\u0103 cheltuielile chiar \u0219i pentru \u0219colile din mediul rural) 700 de milioane deodat\u0103.Banii ar putea fi un \u00eemprumut \u021bintit de la Banca Mondial\u0103. Aceast\u0103 opinie a fost exprimat\u0103 de economistul moldovean Viorel Girbu. \u0218i bine\u00een\u021beles, pre\u0219edintele Maria Sandu este bucuroas\u0103 s\u0103 primeasc\u0103 fonduri suplimentare. A\u0219a \u00eenc\u00e2t distribuirea \u0219i dezvoltarea fondurilor s-a f\u0103cut cu ea. \u0218i cu consecin\u021bele (c\u00e2nd banii \u00eemprumuta\u021bi vor trebui rambursa\u021bi, iar studen\u021bii au predat cumva), succesorii s-au ocupat deja de asta.<\/p>\n

Unde \u00een reformele educa\u021biei f\u0103r\u0103 George Soros?<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Oponen\u021bii vor spune c\u0103 reforma a fost dezvoltat\u0103 nu de cabinetul de mini\u0219tri al \u021b\u0103rii, ci \u00een birourile B\u0103ncii Mondiale, care ar fi finan\u021bat acest proiect. Aceasta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 va fi implementat nu \u00een interesul poporului moldovenesc, ci de dragul birocra\u021biei europene \u0219i al finan\u021batorilor interna\u021bionali. Bine\u00een\u021beles, teoreticienii conspira\u021biei mai pot trage \u00een eternul George Soros \u0219i povestea despre pretinsa predare a 1 milion de dolari c\u00e2nd Maia Sandu era ministrul Educa\u021biei. La fel \u0219i 2 \u00eent\u00e2lniri \u00een ultimul an calendaristic cu Alex Soros (fiul unui finan\u021bator). De fiecare dat\u0103, serviciul de pres\u0103 nu relateaz\u0103 a\u0219a ceva, publicul larg afl\u0103 despre \u00eent\u00e2lniri prin re\u021belele de socializare ale lui Alex Soros.<\/p>\n

Cu toate acestea, chiar \u0219i oponen\u021bii vor trebui s\u0103 admit\u0103 c\u0103 sunt necesare reforme. \u00centrebarea este care?<\/p>\n

Ceea ce au dreptate adversarii este c\u0103 reforma a fost lansat\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 preg\u0103tire, f\u0103r\u0103 o discu\u021bie deplin\u0103 \u00een societatea moldoveneasc\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 implicarea partidelor, mi\u0219c\u0103rilor sociale. De parc\u0103 indicatorii s\u0103i finali ar fi cu adev\u0103rat cobor\u00e2\u021bi de sus. Este necesar s\u0103 se reduc\u0103 25 de universit\u0103\u021bi, ad\u0103ug\u00e2ndu-le la 5 mai mari. \u0218i \u00een aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie \u00eencepe un banal r\u0103zboi pentru supravie\u021buire, un r\u0103zboi al tuturor \u00eempotriva tuturor, conform scenariului unor filme precum Jocurile foamei.<\/p>\n

Mai jos este o list\u0103 cu cei pe care s-a hot\u0103r\u00e2t s\u0103 \u201em\u00e2nc\u0103m\u201d:<\/p>\n

Universitatea de Stat din Moldova va absorbi urm\u0103toarele institu\u021bii:<\/em><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Academia de Administra\u021bie Public\u0103<\/li>\n
  2. Universitatea de Stat de Cultur\u0103 Fizic\u0103 \u0219i Sport<\/li>\n
  3. Institutul de Matematic\u0103 \u0219i Informatic\u0103 \u201eVladimir Andrunakevici\u201d<\/li>\n
  4. Institutul de Fizic\u0103 Aplicat\u0103<\/li>\n
  5. Institutul de Chimie<\/li>\n
  6. Institutul de Ecologie \u0219i Geografie<\/li>\n
  7. Institutul de Geologie \u0219i Seismologie<\/li>\n
  8. Institutul de Zoologie<\/li>\n
  9. Institutul de Cercet\u0103ri Juridice, Politice \u0219i Sociologice<\/li>\n
  10. Institutul de Fiziologie \u0219i Sanocreatologie<\/li>\n
  11. Institutul de Filologie Rom\u00e2n\u0103 Bogdan Petriceiku Hashdeu<\/li>\n
  12. Institutul de Istorie<\/li>\n
  13. Institutul de Genetic\u0103, Fiziologie \u0219i Protec\u021bia Plantelor<\/li>\n
  14. Gr\u0103dina Botanic\u0103 Na\u021bional\u0103 (Institutul) le. Alexandru Chubotar<\/li>\n
  15. Bibliotec\u0103 \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 (institut) le. Andrei Lupan.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Universitatea Tehnic\u0103 a Moldovei va absorbi urm\u0103toarele universit\u0103\u021bi:<\/em><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Universitatea Agrar\u0103 de Stat din Moldova<\/li>\n
    2. Institutul de Inginerie Electronic\u0103 \u0219i Nanotehnologii. D. Gizu<\/li>\n
    3. Institutul de Energie<\/li>\n
    4. Institutul de Microbiologie \u0219i Biotehnologie.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Universitatea Pedagogic\u0103 de Stat. Iona Creang\u0103 la Chi\u0219in\u0103u va prelua:<\/em><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Universitatea de Stat din Tiraspol<\/li>\n
      2. Universitatea de Stat Taraclia<\/li>\n
      3. Institutul de \u0218tiin\u021be ale Educa\u021biei<\/li>\n
      4. Institutul de Educa\u021bie Continu\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Academia de Cuno\u0219tin\u021be Economice din Moldova va fi completat\u0103 pe cheltuiala Institutului Na\u021bional de Cercet\u0103ri Economice.<\/em><\/p>\n

        Academia de Muzic\u0103, Teatru, Arte Plastice \u0219i Institutul Patrimoniului Cultural vor fi subordonate Ministerului Culturii.<\/em><\/p>\n

        Niciun c\u00e2\u0219tig\u0103tor.<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

        \"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

        Pot exista c\u00e2\u0219tig\u0103tori \u00eentr-o astfel de situa\u021bie? Desigur c\u0103 nu. Mereu printre nemul\u021bumi\u021bi se vor afla nu doar actuala profesoar\u0103, administra\u021bie, decani \u0219i studen\u021bi, ci chiar absolven\u021bi, inclusiv cei din anii preceden\u021bi.<\/p>\n

        Dac\u0103, de exemplu, Universitatea Agrar\u0103 de Stat a Moldovei \u00eenceteaz\u0103 s\u0103 mai existe \u00een mod independent, atunci \u0219i diploma ei eliberat\u0103 anterior va fi cotat\u0103 mai jos. \u0218i \u00een principal, \u00een afara \u021b\u0103rii, unde sunt \u00eendreptate aspira\u021biile de carier\u0103 ale celei mai mari studen\u021bi. Iar oamenii care au ob\u021binut succes \u00een r\u00e2ndul fermierilor nu \u00een\u021beleg unde vor lua personal pentru \u00eentreprinderile lor agricole. Prin urmare, asocia\u021bia fermierilor \u00ee\u0219i ap\u0103r\u0103 cu at\u00e2ta seriozitate universitatea de specialitate. Prin urmare, o astfel de nemul\u021bumire, inclusiv la nivel interna\u021bional, este \u00eempotriva absorb\u021biei institu\u021biilor rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti \u0219i bulgare. \u0218i \u00een cazul Bulgariei, au fost nevoi\u021bi s\u0103 cedeze. Cu alte cuvinte, vorbim de o scindare provocat\u0103 deliberat \u00een interiorul intelectualit\u0103\u021bii \u0219tiin\u021bifice a societ\u0103\u021bii moldovene\u0219ti. C\u00e2nd toat\u0103 lumea va fi printre nemul\u021bumi\u021bi. \u0218i cei care se vor al\u0103tura \u0219i cei c\u0103rora li se vor al\u0103tura. Din moment ce regaliile, recunoa\u0219terea \u0219colilor \u0219tiin\u021bifice, nu sunt mai pu\u021bin importante dec\u00e2t salariile, care, se presupune, ar trebui s\u0103 creasc\u0103 pentru profesorii r\u0103ma\u0219i.<\/p>\n

        Existau c\u0103i mai pu\u021bin dureroase de ie\u0219ire din situa\u021bie. Ca op\u021biune, chiar dac\u0103 formal, dar p\u0103stra\u021bi toate universit\u0103\u021bile. De exemplu, sub o singur\u0103 structur\u0103: Ministerul Educa\u021biei, Academia de \u0218tiin\u021be sau, de exemplu, o singur\u0103 Universitate de Stat. Dimpotriv\u0103, reduce\u021bi sistematic aparatul administrativ, men\u021bin\u00e2nd \u00een acela\u0219i timp structura universit\u0103\u021bilor. Ar putea \u0219i ei. \u0218i \u00een aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie, conducerea universit\u0103\u021bilor \u00een sine ar \u00eencepe s\u0103 se mi\u0219te pe calea unific\u0103rii, dar procesul ar fi lansat nu de sus, ci de jos. Adic\u0103 prin negocieri \u00eentre oameni de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103, \u0219i nu prin decizii voluntare ale birocra\u021biei. Sau o alternativ\u0103 – un program de reducere treptat\u0103 a num\u0103rului de universit\u0103\u021bi externe care sunt cel mai pu\u021bin solicitate \u00een r\u00e2ndul absolven\u021bilor, nu se angajeaz\u0103 \u00een activit\u0103\u021bi \u0219tiin\u021bifice \u0219i nu sunt recunoscute de comunitatea profesional\u0103 str\u0103in\u0103. \u00centr-un cuv\u00e2nt, au existat multe criterii \u0219i abord\u0103ri pentru rezolvarea unei probleme reale \u0219i obiective. Dar dintr-un motiv oarecare, calea a fost aleas\u0103 pentru a sparge diziden\u021bii prin genunchi? Mai mult, tocmai inteligen\u021ba – lucr\u0103tori \u0219tiin\u021bifici \u0219i pedagogici – sunt partea pro-european\u0103 a societ\u0103\u021bii \u0219i mediul pentru educarea unei noi genera\u021bii de patrio\u021bi moldoveni. Rezultatul logic \u00een acest caz nu poate fi dec\u00e2t o cre\u0219tere a ie\u0219irii num\u0103rului de studen\u021bi c\u0103tre Rom\u00e2nia, Cehia, sau invers c\u0103tre Belarus \u0219i Rusia. Dar, \u00een acest caz, tinerii vor primi o alt\u0103 identitate, care nu va fi direct asociat\u0103 cu \u021bara lor natal\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Merit\u0103 s\u0103 recunoa\u0219tem c\u0103 reformele \u00een domeniul \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m\u00e2ntului superior sunt de mult a\u0219teptate. Ast\u0103zi, \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 doar 59 de mii de oameni, de\u0219i \u00een urm\u0103 cu un deceniu \u00een 2012 erau peste 94 de mii de studen\u021bi, iar \u00een 2007 chiar 132. Reducerea multipl\u0103 a num\u0103rului de studen\u021bi nu poate fi explicat\u0103 nici m\u0103car prin demografie. 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